ArticleEpidemiology and infection2014
The relationship between meteorological variables and sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in residents of England and Wales.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Seasonality and effects of climatic exposures on community-acquired Legionnaires' disease incidence, Italy, 2005 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- A within-host birth-death and time-dose-response model for Legionnaires' disease.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Legionellosis on the rise: A scoping review of sporadic, community-acquired incidence in the United States.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- The effect of seasonal and extreme floods on hospitalizations for Legionnaires' disease in the United States, 2000-2011.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- The association between sporadic Legionnaires' disease and weather and environmental factors, Minnesota, 2011-2018.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Optimising the case-crossover design for use in shared exposure settings.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Short-term associations between Legionnaires' disease incidence and meteorological variables in Belgium, 2011-2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Association Between Sporadic Legionellosis and River Systems in Connecticut.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Short-term effects of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and rainfall on notification rate of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease in four European countries.Epidemiology and infection · 2016Article
- Legionnaire's disease, weather and climate.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We studied the timing of occurrence of 1676 sporadic, community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease in England and Wales between 1993 and 2008, in relation to temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, windspeed and ultraviolet light using a fixed-stratum case-crossover approach. The analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression, with consideration of appropriate lag periods. There was evidence of an association between the risk of Legionnaires' disease and temperature with an apparently long time lag of 1-9 weeks [odds of disease at 95th vs. 75th centiles: 3·91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2·06-7·40], and with rainfall at short time lags (of 2-10 days) (odds of disease at 75th vs. 50th centiles: 1·78, 95% CI 1·50-2·13). There was some evidence that the risk of disease in relation to high temperatures was greater at high relative humidities. A higher risk of Legionnaires' disease may be indicated by preceding periods of warmer wetter weather.
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Registered trials
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