ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2014
Incarceration among street-involved youth in a Canadian study: implications for health and policy interventions.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harms associated with injecting in public spaces: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Pooled it
- Prevention of Opioid Use and Disorder Among Youth Involved in the Legal System: Innovation and Implementation of Four Studies Funded by the NIDA HEAL Initiative.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2023Article
- Article
- Navigating treatment in the shadow of the overdose crisis: Perspectives of youth experiencing street-involvement across British Columbia.The Canadian journal of addiction · 2022Article
- Reciprocal associations between housing instability and youth criminal legal involvement: a scoping review.Health & justice · 2022Article
- Examining HIV Risk and Exchange Sex Among Current and Formerly Homeless Young Adults.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Construct, concurrent, and real-world predictive validity of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (DERS-18) among young adults with history of homelessness.Psychological assessment · 2021Article
- Recent incarceration and risk of first-time injection initiation assistance: A prospective cohort study of persons who inject drugs.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Homelessness and incarceration associated with relapse into stimulant and opioid use among youth who are street-involved in Vancouver, Canada.Drug and alcohol review · 2019Article
- Secure care: more harm than good.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2018Article
- The Usefulness of the CRAFFT in Screening for Problematic Drug and Alcohol Use Among Youth Living with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2017Article
- Elevated risk of incarceration among street-involved youth who initiate drug dealing.Harm reduction journal · 2016Article
- Initiation of drug dealing among a prospective cohort of street-involved youth.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2016Article
- Eviction and loss of income assistance among street-involved youth in Canada.Journal of public health policy · 2016Article
- High prevalence of risky income generation among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting.The International journal on drug policy · 2016Article
- Aboriginal street-involved youth experience elevated risk of incarceration.Public health · 2015Article
- Social and Structural Factors Shaping High Rates of Incarceration among Sex Workers in a Canadian Setting.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2015Article
- Commercial sexual exploitation of children and the emergence of safe harbor legislation: implications for policy and practice.Current psychiatry reports · 2015Review
- Providing comprehensive health services for young key populations: needs, barriers and gaps.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRisk factors for incarceration have been well described among adult drug using populations; however, less is known about incarceration among at-risk youth. This study examines the prevalence and correlates of incarceration among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting.
methodsFrom September 2005 to May 2012, data were collected from the At-Risk Youth Study, a prospective cohort of street-involved youth aged 14-26 who use illicit drugs. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with recent incarceration defined as incarceration in the previous six months.
resultsAmong 1019 participants, 362 (36%) reported having been recently incarcerated during the study period. In multivariate GEE analysis, homelessness (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=1.60), daily crystal methamphetamine use (AOR=1.56), public injecting (AOR=1.33), drug dealing (AOR=1.48) and being a victim of violence (AOR=1.68) were independently associated with incarceration (all p<0.05). Conversely, female gender (AOR=0.48), lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or two-spirited (LGBTT) identification (AOR=0.47) and increasing age of first hard drug use (AOR=0.96) were negatively associated with incarceration (all p<0.05).
conclusionIncarceration was common among our study sample. Youth who were homeless, used crystal methamphetamine, and engaged in risky behaviors including public injection and drug dealing were significantly more likely to have been recently incarcerated. Structural interventions including expanding addiction treatment and supportive housing for at-risk youth may help reduce criminal justice involvement among this population and associated health, social and fiscal costs.
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Registered trials
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