ArticleThe American journal of drug and alcohol abuse2014
Gender influences on initiation of injecting drug use.
Article in The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Increasing trends and incidence of nonfatal overdose among women sex workers who use drugs in British Columbia: The role of criminalization-related barriers to harm reduction.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Substance Use among Homeless Reproductive Age People in Southern Ethiopia.International journal of reproductive medicine · 2021Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with substance use among street children in Jimma town, Oromiya national regional state, Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2020Article
- 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) use and transitions to injection drug use among street-involved youth.Substance abuse · 2019Article
- Article
- Violence, trauma and living with HIV: Longitudinal predictors of initiating crystal methamphetamine injection among sex workers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- Inpatient Opioid Withdrawal Management of Street Children and Adolescents Admitted to Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Ward: A Preliminary Case Series.Iranian journal of pediatrics · 2016Article
- Non-medical prescription opioid use predicts injection initiation among street-involved youth.The International journal on drug policy · 2016Article
- Impact of length of injecting career on HIV incidence among people who inject drugs.Addictive behaviors · 2016Article
- 18O proteomics reveal increased human apolipoprotein CIII in Hispanic HIV-1+ women with HAART that use cocaine.Proteomics. Clinical applications · 2016Article
- Factors associated with being asked to initiate someone into injection drug use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- Co-Infection Burden of Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Injecting Heroin Users at the Kenyan Coast.PloS one · 2015Article
- Gender influences on hepatitis C incidence among street youth in a Canadian setting.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2014Article
- Substance use and risky sexual behaviours among street connected children and youth in Accra, Ghana.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesGender differences in illicit drug use patterns and related harms (e.g. HIV infection) are becoming increasingly recognized. However, little research has examined gender differences in risk factors for initiation into injecting drug use. We undertook this study to examine the relationship between gender and risk of injection initiation among street-involved youth and to determine whether risk factors for initiation differed between genders.
methodsFrom September 2005 to November 2011, youth were enrolled into the At-Risk Youth Study, a cohort of street-involved youth aged 14-26 in Vancouver, Canada. Cox regression analyses were used to assess variables associated with injection initiation and stratified analyses considered risk factors for injection initiation among male and female participants separately.
resultsAmong 422 street-involved youth, 133 (32.5%) were female, and 77 individuals initiated injection over study follow-up. Although rates of injection initiation were similar between male and female youth (p = 0.531), stratified analyses demonstrated that, among male youth, risk factors for injection initiation included sex work (Adjusted Hazard Ratio [AHR] = 4.74, 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]: 1.45-15.5) and residence within the city's drug use epicenter (AHR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.12-3.41), whereas among female youth, non-injection crystal methamphetamine use (AHR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.89-11.35) was positively associated with subsequent injection initiation.
conclusionAlthough rates of initiation into injecting drug use were similar for male and female street youth, the risk factors for initiation were distinct. These findings suggest a possible benefit of uniquely tailoring prevention efforts to high-risk males and females.
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