ReviewMolecular cancer research : MCR2014
Smoking out reproductive hormone actions in lung cancer.
Review in Molecular cancer research : MCR, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormonal Replacement Therapy and the Risk of Lung Cancer in Women: An Adaptive Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2015Pooled it
- The disease burden of cancer attributable to smoking worldwide from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- The Mechanism of Steroid Hormones in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Molecular Signaling to Clinical Application.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Androgen Receptor Promotes Lung Cancer Metastasis by Modifying the miR23a-3p/EPHB2 Pathway.Current medical science · 2024Article
- Decreased levels of sex hormones in females with solitary pulmonary nodules were risk factors for malignancy.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2024Article
- Article
- Role of sex hormones in lung cancer.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2021Review
- Oleuropein is a natural inhibitor of PAI-1-mediated proliferation in human ER-/PR- breast cancer cells.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Estrogen and Progesterone Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Article
- Cytoplasmic ERβ1 expression is associated with survival of patients with Stage IV lung adenocarcinoma and an EGFR mutation at exon 21 L858R subsequent to treatment with EGFR-TKIs.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- Smoking, Sex, and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Steroid Hormone Receptors in Tumor Tissue (S0424).Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Article
- Influence of estrogen in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical implications.Journal of thoracic disease · 2018Review
- Sex-related differences of urethane and sodium valproate effects on Ki-67 expression in urethane-induced lung tumors of mice.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
- Article
- Exploring estrogenic activity in lung cancer.Molecular biology reports · 2017Review
- Clinical features and prognosis-associated factors of non-small cell lung cancer exhibiting symptoms of bone metastasis at the time of diagnosis.Oncology letters · 2015Article
- Modifiable risk factors of lung cancer in "never-smoker" women.Epidemiology and health · 2015Article
- Estrogen receptors and their implications in colorectal carcinogenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2015Review
- Multifactorial ERβ and NOTCH1 control of squamous differentiation and cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Experimental and population-based evidence has been steadily accumulating that steroid hormones are fundamentally involved in the biology of the lung. Both estrogen and progesterone receptors are present in normal and malignant lung tissue, and the reproductive hormones that bind these receptors have a role in lung development, lung inflammation, and lung cancer. The estrogen receptor-β (ER-β) was discovered in the 1990s as a novel form of ER that is transcribed from a gene distinct from ER-α, the receptor previously isolated from breast tissue. Interestingly, ER-β is the predominate ER expressed in normal and malignant lung tissue, whereas inflammatory cells that infiltrate the lung are known to express both ER-α and ER-β. Although there is evidence from animal models for the preferential effects of ER-β in the lungs of females, human lung tumors from males often contain comparable numbers of ER-β-positive cells and male-derived lung cancer cell lines respond to estrogens. Lung tumors from both males and females also express CYP19 (aromatase), the rate-limiting enzyme in estrogen synthesis that converts testosterone to estrone and β-estradiol. Thus, testosterone acts as a precursor for local estrogen production within lung tumors, independent of reproductive organs. This review discusses the recent literature findings about the biology of the ERs, aromatase, and the progesterone receptor in lung cancer and highlights the ongoing clinical trials and future therapeutic implications of these findings.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.