ReviewTheranostics2013
Improving conventional enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects; what is the appropriate target?
Review in Theranostics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 342 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
342 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phase-change perfluorocarbon nanodroplets enable spatiotemporal control of ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging and therapy.Biomedical engineering letters · 2026Review
- Stimuli-Responsive Nanocarriers as Next-Generation on-Demand Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy: Mechanistic Insights, Trigger Modalities, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology for efficient delivery of TCM active ingredients in treating brain diseases.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Nanostructured lipid carriers as co-delivery systems for cancer therapy: Prospects and challenges.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Enhanced Transmembrane Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agent Doxorubicin by Carbon Nanotubes Under Plasma Synergy: Molecular Dynamics Insights.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Theranostic Nanoplatforms for Alzheimer's Disease: A Critical Analysis of Conceptual Contradictions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Intratumoral vascular damage-dependent drug permeability and anticancer effect of nano drug carriers: significant anticancer enhancement of combination therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Covalently Surface-Functionalized Porphyrins on Silica Nanoparticles for Efficient Photodynamic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Preparation of Aqueous Solutions with Information on Solids Using Natural Polymers by Solid-State Mixing.Chemical record (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Advances in the applications of stimulus-responsive nanomedicines for anti-cancer therapy.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Bioinspired membrane-fusogenic nanomicelles for synergistic chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and gas therapy of breast cancer.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Effective Non-Invasive Delivery of Epigenetic Drugs Using Functionalized Accessory Unit Conjugates.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Macropinocytic Uptake and pH-Responsive Endolysosomal Processing Drive Sustained Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of High-Load Core@Shell Nanocarriers in Colorectal Cancer.Small science · 2026Article
- Smart Vesicle Therapeutics: Engineering Precision at the Nanoscale.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Enhancing targeted delivery and efficacy of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin with liposomal minoxidil: comprehensive in silico, in vitro, and in vivo tumor model studies.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- pH-Responsive Liposomes for Targeted Detection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Using MSOT.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2025Article
- Progress in the Application of Nanomaterials in Tumor Treatment.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Methods for Heart-Specific Distribution in Cardiovascular Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Monitoring Molecular Uptake and Cancer Cells' Response by Development of Quantitative Drug Derivative Probes for Chemical Imaging.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Photoimmunotherapy as a Safe, Effective and Non-Toxic Treatment Option for Superficial Triple Negative Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
282 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Nano-sized therapeutic agents have several advantages over low molecular weight agents such as a larger loading capacity, the ability to protect the payload until delivery, more specific targeting due to multivalency and the opportunity for controlled/sustained release. However, the delivery of nano-sized agents into cancer tissue is problematic because it mostly relies on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect that depends on the leaky nature of the tumor vasculature and the prolonged circulation of nano-sized agents, allowing slow but uneven accumulation in the tumor bed. Delivery of nano-sized agents is dependent on several factors that influence the EPR effect; 1. Regional blood flow to the tumor, 2. Permeability of the tumor vasculature, 3. Structural barriers imposed by perivascular tumor cells and extracellular matrix, 4. Intratumoral pressure. In this review, these factors will be described and methods to enhance nano-agent delivery will be reviewed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.