Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24392787›Full record

ReviewExpert opinion on drug delivery2014

Skin permeabilization for transdermal drug delivery: recent advances and future prospects.

Carl M Schoellhammer, Daniel Blankschtein, Robert Langer

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Expert opinion on drug delivery, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Therapeutic peptides and proteins: Status and developments in drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
    Review
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  10. High-velocity delivery of biologics via the gastrointestinal tract by self-pressurized oral capsules.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
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  19. Article
  20. Review

36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Carl M SchoellhammerMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering , Room 76-661, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA +1 617 253 3107 ; +1 617 258 8827 ; rlanger@mit.edu.
Daniel Blankschtein
Robert Langer

Funding

Ultrasound Polymeric Drug DeliveryR01EB000351 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI LANGER, ROBERT SAMUEL · 2002 to 2013
$3.0M
NIBIB NIH HHS EB-00351NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB000351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTransdermal delivery has potential advantages over other routes of administration. It could reduce first-pass metabolism associated with oral delivery and is less painful than injections. However, the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), limits passive diffusion to small lipophilic molecules. Therefore, methods are needed to safely permeabilize the SC so that ionic and larger molecules may be delivered transdermally. AREAS COVERED: This review focuses on low-frequency sonophoresis, microneedles, electroporation and iontophoresis, and combinations of these methods to permeabilize the SC. The mechanisms of enhancements and developments in the last 5 years are discussed. Potentially high-impact applications, including protein delivery, vaccination and sensing are presented. Finally, commercial interest and clinical trials are discussed. EXPERT OPINION: Not all permeabilization methods are appropriate for all applications. Focused studies into applications utilizing the advantages of each method are needed. The total dose and kinetics of delivery must be considered. Vaccination is one application where permeabilization methods could make an impact. Protein delivery and analyte sensing are also areas of potential impact, although the amount of material that can be delivered (or extracted) is of critical importance. Additional work on the miniaturization of these technologies will help to increase commercial interest.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsHumansPermeabilityPharmaceutical PreparationsSkinPharmaceutical Preparations

Identifiers

PMID24392787
PMCPMC3980659

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.