Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24391600›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2013

The Clonic Phase of Seizures in Patients Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy is Related to Age and Stimulus Intensity.

Chao-Chih Wang, Ching-Hung Lin, Yao-Chu Chiu, Chih-Chieh Tseng

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Chao-Chih WangDepartment of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University , Chiayi , Taiwan ; Department of Psychology, Soochow University , Taipei , Taiwan.
Ching-Hung LinDepartment of Psychology, Soochow University , Taipei , Taiwan ; Biomedical Engineering R&D Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan ; Biomedical Electronics Translational Research Center, National Chiao Tung University , Hsinchu , Taiwan ; Department of Psychology, Kaohsiung Medical University , Kaohsiung , Taiwan.
Yao-Chu ChiuDepartment of Psychology, Soochow University , Taipei , Taiwan.
Chih-Chieh TsengDepartment of Psychiatry, Beitou Branch, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan ; National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences , Taipei , Taiwan.
Soochow University · TWNational Chung Cheng University · TWTri-Service General Hospital · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder and schizophrenia in patients who are drug-naïve or less-receptive to antipsychotic drugs. Several studies have discussed the correlation between patient characteristics, input-current volume, and seizure duration. According to the present principle of ECT guidelines, the therapeutic effect of ECT mostly correlates with seizure duration. As the tonic phase is different from the clonic phase with respect to brain function and activity, it is informative to analyze both the tonic and clonic phases. Thus, this study sought to clarify the relationship between the features of the two phases, and to re-examine and refine guidelines regarding ECT treatment.

methodECT-course data from 44 schizophrenia or bipolar I patients were recollected, including the number of treatments that they had received, their gender, age, and the association of these characteristics with motor seizure duration was analyzed. A two-factor correlation was employed to test the relationship between each of the two factors.

resultThe post-analysis results indicate that seizure duration and age are significantly correlated. Older patients had relatively short seizure durations after ECT-treatment. Notably, a negative correlation was only found between age and the clonic phase of the seizure, not between age and the tonic phase. Furthermore, this study also found an inverse relationship between ECT-intensity and the clonic phase, but not between ECT-intensity and the tonic phase.

conclusionThis study demonstrated that age and ECT-intensity are negatively correlated with seizure duration, particularly in the clonic phase. The present observations are not fully consistent with the basic guidelines of the APA-ECT practical manual. Accordingly, the predictions regarding the therapeutic effect of ECT can be based on both the seizure duration and the clonic phase.

Indexed as

ageclonic phaseelectroconvulsive therapyseizure durationtonic phase

Identifiers

PMID24391600
PMCPMC3870326
OpenAlexW2092278577

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.