ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2014
Anti-brain antibodies are associated with more severe cognitive and behavioral profiles in Italian children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unveiling the Molecular Mechanism of Intestinal Metabolite para-Cresol in Modulating Neuroinflammation and Synaptic Dysfunction: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of neurochemistry · 2026Article
- The role of maternal infections in neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders: focus on the P2X7/NLRP3/IL-1β signalling pathway.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Prenatal and postnatal neuroimmune interactions in neurodevelopmental disorders.Nature immunology · 2024Review
- Mast Cells in Autism Spectrum Disorder-The Enigma to Be Solved?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Perinatal Exposure to Trace Elements: The Dubious Culprit of Autistic Spectrum Disorder in Children.Current pediatric reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- High-throughput autoantibody screening identifies differentially abundant autoantibodies in autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Immune Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder: What Do We Know about It?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Maternal Immune Dysregulation and Autism-Understanding the Role of Cytokines, Chemokines and Autoantibodies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Autoantibody-associated psychiatric syndromes in children: link to adult psychiatry.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorders: Multiple Routes to, and Multiple Consequences of, Abnormal Synaptic Function and Connectivity.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2021Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Aberrant Neuroplasticity in Autism Spectrum Disorders (Review).Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2021Review
- A Unifying Theory for Autism: The Pathogenetic Triad as a Theoretical Framework.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Critical Role of the Maternal Immune System in the Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings of 36 Adult Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Oxidative Stress and Immune System Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Bridging the Gap Between Physical Health and Autism Spectrum Disorder.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2020Review
- Maternal elevated salt consumption and the development of autism spectrum disorder in the offspring.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2019Review
- Emerging biomarkers in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.Annals of translational medicine · 2019Review
- Beyond the brain: A multi-system inflammatory subtype of autism spectrum disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Circulating 45 and 62kDa antibodies targeting the cerebellum were previously associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), lower adaptive/cognitive function and aberrant behaviors. Moreover, 37, 39 and 73kDa maternal antibodies (mAb) targeting the fetal brain were previously correlated with broad autism spectrum, irritability, abnormal brain enlargement and impaired expressive language. The present study aims towards clinically characterizing individuals with brain-targeted IgG and/or exposed to maternal antibrain antibodies in a large sample of Italian autistic children (N=355), their unaffected siblings (N=142) and mothers (N=333). The presence of patient- and mother-produced anti-brain antibodies does not confer increased risk of autism within the same sibship. However, the 45 and 62kDa antibodies are correlated with autism severity: the 45kDa Ab is associated with cognitive impairment and lower scores at the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, the 62kDa Ab with motor stereotypies, while both correlate with larger head circumference (all P<0.05). On the other hand, maternal 37, 39 and 73kDa antibrain antibodies, either alone or in combination, are correlated with impaired verbal and non-verbal language development, neurodevelopmental delay and sleep/wake cycle disturbances in their autistic children (P<0.05). Presence of the 62kDa autoAb in the child is significantly associated with presence of the 39 and/or 73kDa antibodies in his/her mother. Our results confirm and extend previous observations in an ethnically distinct sample, providing further evidence of a pathomorphic role for anti-brain antibodies in autism while demonstrating their familial clustering.
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