Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24388759›Full record

ArticleChemistry & biology2014

Highly efficient self-replicating RNA enzymes.

Michael P Robertson, Gerald F Joyce

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry & biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Fuel-Driven Catalytic Molecular Templating.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Reconstituting alternative life using the test-bed of cell-free systems.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Cross-chiral exponential amplification of an RNA enzyme.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Evolution at the Origins of Life?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Template-Free Assembly of Functional RNAs by Loop-Closing Ligation.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Chemical Fueling Enables Molecular Complexification of Self-Replicators*.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Template-Directed Copying of RNA by Non-enzymatic Ligation.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Michael P RobertsonDepartment of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Gerald F JoyceDepartment of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: gjoyce@scripps.edu.

Funding

Ligand-Dependent Exponential Amplification of RNAR01GM065130 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI JOYCE, GERALD F · 2002 to 2015
$4.1M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM065130NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM065130
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An RNA enzyme has been developed that catalyzes the joining of oligonucleotide substrates to form additional copies of itself, undergoing self-replication with exponential growth. The enzyme also can cross-replicate with a partner enzyme, resulting in their mutual exponential growth and enabling self-sustained Darwinian evolution. The opportunity for inventive evolution within this synthetic genetic system depends on the diversity of the evolving population, which is limited by the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. Directed evolution was used to improve the efficiency of the enzyme and increase its exponential growth rate to 0.14 min(-1), corresponding to a doubling time of 5 min. This is close to the limit of 0.21 min(-1) imposed by the rate of product release, but sufficient to enable more than 80 logs of growth per day.

Indexed as

Base SequenceBiological EvolutionGene LibraryKineticsNucleic Acid ConformationRNA, CatalyticSubstrate SpecificityRNA, Catalytic

Identifiers

PMID24388759
PMCPMC3943892

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.