ArticlePLoS pathogens2013
The CD8-derived chemokine XCL1/lymphotactin is a conformation-dependent, broad-spectrum inhibitor of HIV-1.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in antiviral strategies targeting mosquito-borne viruses: cellular, viral, and immune-related approaches.Virology journal · 2025Review
- The multifaceted role of XCL1 in health and disease.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Review
- NKG2C and NKG2A coexpression defines a highly functional antiviral NK population in spontaneous HIV control.JCI insight · 2024Article
- The Role of Chemokines in Obesity and Exercise-Induced Weight Loss.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Molecular Determinants Involved in Candida albicans Biofilm Formation and Regulation.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Identification of CD38, CD97, and CD278 on the HIV surface using a novel flow virometry screening assay.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1/CD162) is incorporated into clinical HIV-1 isolates and can mediate virus capture and subsequent transfer to permissive cells.Retrovirology · 2022Article
- Specific binding-induced modulation of the XCL1 metamorphic equilibrium.Biopolymers · 2021Article
- Review
- Metamorphic proteins: the Janus proteins of structural biology.Open biology · 2021Article
- Analysis of chicken macrophage functions and gene expressions following infectious bronchitis virus M41 infection.Veterinary research · 2021Article
- Traumatic brain injury in mice induces changes in the expression of the XCL1/XCR1 and XCL1/ITGA9 axes.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2020Article
- Flow Virometry Quantification of Host Proteins on the Surface of HIV-1 Pseudovirus Particles.Viruses · 2020Article
- Canonical Wnts Mediate CD8Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Structure-function guided modeling of chemokine-GPCR specificity for the chemokine XCL1 and its receptor XCR1.Science signaling · 2019Article
- HLA class II-Restricted CD8+ T cells in HIV-1 Virus Controllers.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Vaccine induction of antibodies and tissue-resident CD8+ T cells enhances protection against mucosal SHIV-infection in young macaques.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Unfolding the Mysteries of Protein Metamorphosis.ACS chemical biology · 2018Review
- A Novel Role for Lymphotactin (XCL1) Signaling in the Nervous System: XCL1 Acts via its Receptor XCR1 to Increase Trigeminal Neuronal Excitability.Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Engineering modular intracellular protein sensor-actuator devices.Nature communications · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD8+ T cells play a key role in the in vivo control of HIV-1 replication via their cytolytic activity as well as their ability to secrete non-lytic soluble suppressive factors. Although the chemokines that naturally bind CCR5 (CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP- 1β, CCL5/RANTES) are major components of the CD8-derived anti-HIV activity, evidence indicates the existence of additional, still undefined, CD8-derived HIV-suppressive factors. Here, we report the characterization of a novel anti-HIV chemokine, XCL1/lymphotactin, a member of the C-chemokine family that is produced primarily by activated CD8+ T cells and behaves as a metamorphic protein, interconverting between two structurally distinct conformations (classic and alternative). We found that XCL1 inhibits a broad spectrum of HIV-1 isolates, irrespective of their coreceptor-usage phenotype. Experiments with stabilized variants of XCL1 demonstrated that HIV-1 inhibition requires access to the alternative, all-β conformation, which interacts with proteoglycans but does not bind/activate the specific XCR1 receptor, while the classic XCL1 conformation is inactive. HIV-1 inhibition by XCL1 was shown to occur at an early stage of infection, via blockade of viral attachment and entry into host cells. Analogous to the recently described anti-HIV effect of the CXC chemokine CXCL4/PF4, XCL1-mediated inhibition is associated with direct interaction of the chemokine with the HIV-1 envelope. These results may open new perspectives for understanding the mechanisms of HIV-1 control and reveal new molecular targets for the design of effective therapeutic and preventive strategies against HIV-1.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.