Trial reportJournal of aging and health2013
Race-related disparities in 5-year cognitive level and change in untrained ACTIVE participants.
Trial report in Journal of aging and health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- External locus of control contributes to racial disparities in memory and reasoning training gains in ACTIVE.Psychology and aging · 2015Trial
- The impact of tract- and county-level segregation on 10-year cognitive and everyday functioning outcomes of Black/African American older adults in the ACTIVE study.Alzheimer's & dementia. Behavior & socioeconomics of aging · 2025Article
- The Independent and Interactive Effects of Economic Stability and Healthcare Access on 10-Year Cognitive Trajectories of Black/African American and White Older Adults from the ACTIVE Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Allostatic load and cognitive recall among young adults: Racial, ethnic, and sex-specific variations.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024Article
- Neuropathological Lesions and Cognitive Abilities in Black and White Older Adults in Brazil.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Do Associations Between Vascular Risk and Mild Cognitive Impairment Vary by Race?Journal of aging and health · 2023Article
- Social and Neighborhood Context Moderates the Associations Between Processing Speed and Driving Mobility: A 10-year Analysis of the ACTIVE Study.Journal of aging and health · 2023Article
- Alzheimer disease in African American individuals: increased incidence or not enough data?Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Predictors of cognitive decline in a multi-racial sample of midlife women: A longitudinal study.Neuropsychology · 2021Article
- Application of neuropsychological criteria to classify mild cognitive impairment in the active study.Neuropsychology · 2020Article
- A Framework of Minority Stress: From Physiological Manifestations to Cognitive Outcomes.The Gerontologist · 2019Review
- Race, APOEɛ4, and Long-Term Cognitive Trajectories in a Biracial Population Sample.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2019Article
- Black-white mental status trajectories: What ages do differences emerge?SSM - population health · 2018Article
- Terminal decline of episodic memory and perceptual speed in a biracial population.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2018Article
- Augmenting cognitive training in older adults (The ACT Study): Design and Methods of a Phase III tDCS and cognitive training trial.Contemporary clinical trials · 2018Article
- The Processing-Speed Impairment in Psychosis Is More Than Just Accelerated Aging.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2017Article
- Age trajectories of everyday cognition in African American and White older adults under prompted and unprompted conditions.Neuropsychological rehabilitation · 2017Article
- A Cognitive Turning Point in Development of Clinical Alzheimer's Disease Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Biracial Population Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017Article
- Racial and ethnic differences in cognitive function among older adults in the USA.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2016Article
- Factors related to racial differences in late-life level of cognitive function.Neuropsychology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe current study examined a 5-year cognitive change in untrained African American and White participants from the Advanced Cognitive Training in Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study.
methodFive-year trajectories of memory, reasoning, visual processing speed/useful field of view, digit-symbol substitution, and vocabulary were investigated. Education, health, gender, age, and retest/practice effects were controlled for, and a missing data pattern mixture approach was used to adjust for dropout effects.
resultsAfter considering age, education, health, and gender, being African American uniquely explained 2% to 7% of the variance in cognitive performance. There were virtually no significant race differences in the rates of change. DISCUSSION: Race-related results in the current study are consistent with previous research suggesting that social advantage factors such as education have a stronger influence on the level of performance than the rate of change. The small remaining effects of being African American on performance levels likely reflect uncontrolled variation in factors like literacy and financial advantage.
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Registered trials
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