ArticleGene therapy2014
The effect of helper epitopes and cellular localization of an antigen on the outcome of gene gun DNA immunization.
Article in Gene therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular assessment of the HIV pol gene and use of computational vaccine design targeting Pakistani isolates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Spatial immune heterogeneity in a mouse tumor model after immunotherapy.Cancer science · 2025Article
- Advances in nucleic acid-based cancer vaccines.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Inhibition of Aspartate β-Hydroxylase Enhances Anti-Tumor Immunity.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Abrogation of IFN-γ Signaling May not Worsen Sensitivity to PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- scFv6.C4 DNA vaccine with fragment C of Tetanus toxin increases protective immunity against CEA-expressing tumor.Gene therapy · 2019Article
- Experimental Combined Immunotherapy of Tumours with Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Downregulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Molecular mechanisms for enhanced DNA vaccine immunogenicity.Expert review of vaccines · 2016Review
- Antigen design enhances the immunogenicity of Semliki Forest virus-based therapeutic human papillomavirus vaccines.Gene therapy · 2015Article
- In silico design of a DNA-based HIV-1 multi-epitope vaccine for Chinese populations.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In DNA vaccination, CD4(+) T-cell help can be enhanced by fusion of a gene encoding an immunization protein with a foreign gene or its part providing T(h) epitopes. To study the effect of helper epitope localization in a protein molecule, the influence of the vicinity of the helper epitope, and the impact of chimeric protein cellular localization, we fused the helper epitope p30 from tetanus toxin (TT, aa 947-967) with the N- or C-terminus of the mutated E7 oncoprotein (E7GGG) of human papillomavirus type 16, enlarged the p30 epitope with the flanking residues containing potential protease-sensitive sites and altered the cellular localization of the fusion constructs by signal sequences. The p30 epitope enhanced the E7-specific response, but only in constructs without added signal sequences. After localization of the fusion proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and endo/lysosomal compartment, the TT-specific T(h)2 response was increased. The synthetic Pan DR epitope (PADRE) induced a stronger E7-specific response than the p30 epitope and its stimulatory effect was not limited to nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of the E7 antigen. These results suggest that in the optimization of immune responses by adding helper epitopes to DNA vaccines delivered by the gene gun, the cellular localization of the antigen needs to be taken into account.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.