ReviewInvertebrate neuroscience : IN2014
Cephalopods in neuroscience: regulations, research and the 3Rs.
Review in Invertebrate neuroscience : IN, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cephalopod Behavior: From Neural Plasticity to Consciousness.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Marine Invertebrate-Inspired Thermal Management: Functional Materials, Structural Architectures, and Integrated Systems.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- Assessing Local Anesthesia in Octopus bimaculoides to Provide Analgesia.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026Article
- A non-invasive method to genotype cephalopod sex by quantitative PCR.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Diverse musculature layers in three species of octopus support precise motor control yet lack smooth muscle.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Honeybee Sentience: Scientific Evidence and Implications for EU Animal Welfare Policy.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Stress Induced by Fishing in Common Octopus (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- "Killing in the Name of 3R?" The Ethics of Death in Animal Research.Journal of agricultural & environmental ethics · 2025Article
- Near and Dear? If animal welfare concepts do not apply to species at a great phylogenetic distance from humans, what concepts might serve as alternatives?Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Review
- A chromosome-level reference genome for the common octopus, Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797).G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- The Use of Isoflurane and Adjunctive Magnesium Chloride Provides Fast, Effective Anaesthetization ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Functional organization of visual responses in the octopus optic lobe.Current biology : CB · 2023Article
- Functional organization of visual responses in the octopus optic lobe.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Identification of LINE retrotransposons and long non-coding RNAs expressed in the octopus brain.BMC biology · 2022Article
- Genome and transcriptome mechanisms driving cephalopod evolution.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Neurotransmission and neuromodulation systems in the learning and memory network of Octopus vulgaris.Journal of morphology · 2022Article
- Protocol for controlled behavioral testing of octopuses using a single-arm tactile discrimination two-choice task.STAR protocols · 2022Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
35 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cephalopods have been utilised in neuroscience research for more than 100 years particularly because of their phenotypic plasticity, complex and centralised nervous system, tractability for studies of learning and cellular mechanisms of memory (e.g. long-term potentiation) and anatomical features facilitating physiological studies (e.g. squid giant axon and synapse). On 1 January 2013, research using any of the about 700 extant species of "live cephalopods" became regulated within the European Union by Directive 2010/63/EU on the "Protection of Animals used for Scientific Purposes", giving cephalopods the same EU legal protection as previously afforded only to vertebrates. The Directive has a number of implications, particularly for neuroscience research. These include: (1) projects will need justification, authorisation from local competent authorities, and be subject to review including a harm-benefit assessment and adherence to the 3Rs principles (Replacement, Refinement and Reduction). (2) To support project evaluation and compliance with the new EU law, guidelines specific to cephalopods will need to be developed, covering capture, transport, handling, housing, care, maintenance, health monitoring, humane anaesthesia, analgesia and euthanasia. (3) Objective criteria need to be developed to identify signs of pain, suffering, distress and lasting harm particularly in the context of their induction by an experimental procedure. Despite diversity of views existing on some of these topics, this paper reviews the above topics and describes the approaches being taken by the cephalopod research community (represented by the authorship) to produce "guidelines" and the potential contribution of neuroscience research to cephalopod welfare.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.