Trial reportNeurology2014
Change in brain and lesion volumes after CEE therapies: the WHIMS-MRI studies.
Trial report in Neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of menopause hormone therapy on risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Characterization of White Matter Hyperintensities in Large-Scale MRI-Studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Sex-Related Differences in Brain Volumes and Cerebral Blood Flow Among Overweight and Obese Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Exploratory Analyses From the Action for Health in Diabetes Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Trial
- Brain structure and cognition 3 years after the end of an early menopausal hormone therapy trial.Neurology · 2018Trial
- Long-term Effects on Cognitive Trajectories of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy in Two Age Groups.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Hormone Therapy on List and Story Recall in Post-Menopausal Women.Experimental aging researchTrial
- Greater temporo-occipital gray matter volume and frontoparietal cortical thickness in post-menopausal women: a UK Biobank study.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- Reproductive hormones in relation to white matter hyperintensity volumes among midlife women.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Ovarian steroid hormones: A long overlooked but critical contributor to brain aging and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Estrogen receptor α: a critical role in successful female cognitive aging.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2021Article
- Heart Rate, Brain Imaging Biomarkers and Cognitive Impairment in Older (≥63 years) Women.The American journal of cardiology · 2020Article
- Particulate matter and episodic memory decline mediated by early neuroanatomic biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Impairment: Another Health Disparity for Women?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Review
- Blood pressure variability and brain morphology in elderly women without cardiovascular disease.Neurology · 2019Article
- Using high-dimensional machine learning methods to estimate an anatomical risk factor for Alzheimer's disease across imaging databases.NeuroImage · 2018Article
- Trajectories of Relative Performance with 2 Measures of Global Cognitive Function.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2018Article
- Sex and post-menopause hormone therapy effects on hippocampal volume and verbal memory.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2017Article
- Neuroendocrinology: Oestrogen therapy affects brain structure but not function.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether smaller brain volumes in older women who had completed Women's Health Initiative (WHI)-assigned conjugated equine estrogen-based hormone therapy (HT), reported by WHI Memory Study (WHIMS)-MRI, correspond to a continuing increased rate of atrophy an average of 6.1 to 7.7 years later in WHIMS-MRI2.
methodsA total of 1,230 WHI participants were contacted: 797 (64.8%) consented, and 729 (59%) were rescanned an average of 4.7 years after the initial MRI scan. Mean annual rates of change in total brain volume, the primary outcome, and rates of change in ischemic lesion volumes, the secondary outcome, were compared between treatment groups using mixed-effect models with adjustment for trial, clinical site, age, intracranial volumes, and time between MRI measures.
resultsTotal brain volume decreased an average of 3.22 cm(3)/y in the active arm and 3.07 cm(3)/y in the placebo arm (p = 0.53). Total ischemic lesion volumes increased in both arms at a rate of 0.12 cm(3)/y (p = 0.88).
conclusionsConjugated equine estrogen-based postmenopausal HT, previously assigned at WHI baseline, did not affect rates of decline in brain volumes or increases in brain lesion volumes during the 4.7 years between the initial and follow-up WHIMS-MRI studies. Smaller frontal lobe volumes were observed as persistent group differences among women assigned to active HT compared with placebo. Women with a history of cardiovascular disease treated with active HT, compared with placebo, had higher rates of accumulation in white matter lesion volume and total brain lesion volume. Further study may elucidate mechanisms that explain these findings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.