ArticleInternational journal of women's health2013
Combining oral contraceptives with a natural nuclear factor-kappa B inhibitor for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Natural Products Targeting Oxidative Stress-Inflammation Crosstalk in Endometriosis.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Oral contraceptives exposure may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis based on cohort studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeting Oxidative Stress Involved in Endometriosis and Its Pain.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- An Update on the Multifaceted Role of NF-kappaB in Endometriosis.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- An Overview on the Conservative Management of Endometriosis from a Naturopathic Perspective: Phytochemicals and Medicinal Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Impact of Endometriosis across the Lifespan of Women: Foreseeable Research and Therapeutic Prospects.BioMed research international · 2015Review
- The effect of pycnogenol on patients with dysmenorrhea using low-dose oral contraceptives.International journal of women's health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic disease in which a persistent state of heightened inflammation is maintained by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. The progestins present in oral contraceptives are potent inhibitors of NF-κB translocation to cell nuclei, while Pycnogenol® (Pinus pinaster) acts by blocking post-translational events. In this study, the effects of Pycnogenol on pain scores were investigated in patients with endometriosis using oral contraceptives containing either gestodene or drospirenone in extended regimens. Pain scores were determined using a visual analog scale before and after 3 months of treatment. Oral contraceptives, used alone (groups 1 and 3) or in association with Pycnogenol (groups 2 and 4), resulted in significant decreases in pain scores after 3 months of treatment; however, this reduction was significantly greater in the groups using oral contraceptives + Pycnogenol (groups 2 and 4) compared with those using oral contraceptives alone (groups 1 and 3). In the groups using oral contraceptives alone, 50% of patients became pain-free by the end of the third month of treatment. These results suggest that Pycnogenol increases the efficacy of oral contraceptives for the treatment of endometriosis-related pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.