ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2013
Extra-intestinal and long term consequences of Giardia duodenalis infections.
Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 189 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
189 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 405 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia Species in Different Hosts in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Acta parasitologica · 2026Pooled it
- Urticaria as a dermatologic manifestation of Giardia infection: a systematic review of clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Global epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2022Pooled it
- Giardia spp., the most ubiquitous protozoan parasite in Argentina: human, animal and environmental surveys reported in the last 40 years.Parasitology research · 2020Pooled it
- Health sequelae of human cryptosporidiosis in industrialised countries: a systematic review.Parasites & vectors · 2020Pooled it
- Giardia duodenalis infection in the context of a community-based deworming and water, sanitation and hygiene trial in Timor-Leste.Parasites & vectors · 2019Trial
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2026Review
- Regarding the Zoonotic Transmission ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Giardiasis and Bupropion-Associated Gastrointestinal Symptoms in a Returning Traveler: A Diagnostic Challenge Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Article
- The dual role of intestinal parasites in shaping human gut microbiota: distinguishing helminthic and protozoan dynamics.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- Epidemiology and management of nitroimidazole-refractory giardiasis.Journal of travel medicine · 2026Article
- Analysis of environmental risk factors, prevalence, and associated symptoms of Giardia intestinalis infection across age groups in Poland: a survey-based study.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Molecular and histopathological evaluation of intestinal mucosal damage associated with giardiasis in naturally infected lambs.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2026Article
- Article
- An 8-Year-Old Female with Giardiasis-Associated Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: A Case Report and Literature Review.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Effect of inoculation dose on infection kinetics and immune responses to Giardia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Postinfectious Syndromes and Long-Term Sequelae after Giardia Infections.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Unravelling the cellular sources and location of IL-17A production during a Giardia infection.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence and molecular identification ofOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Giardiasis is the most common waterborne parasitic infection of the human intestine worldwide. The etiological agent, Giardia duodenalis (syn. G. intestinalis, G. lamblia), is a flagellated, binucleated protozoan parasite which infects a wide array of mammalian hosts. Human giardiasis is a true cosmopolitan pathogen, with highest prevalence in developing countries. Giardiasis can present with a broad range of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic, to acute or chronic diarrheal disease associated with abdominal pain and nausea. Most infections are self-limiting, although re-infection and chronic infection can occur. Recent evidence indicating that Giardia may cause chronic post-infectious gastrointestinal complications have made it a topic of intense research. The causes of the post-infectious clinical manifestations due to Giardia, even after complete elimination of the parasite, remain obscure. This review offers a state-of-the-art discussion on the long-term consequences of Giardia infections, from extra-intestinal manifestations, growth and cognitive deficiencies, to post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. The discussion also sheds light on some of the novel mechanisms recently implicated in the production of these post-infectious manifestations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.