ArticleInfection and immunity2014
Oral intoxication of mice with Shiga toxin type 2a (Stx2a) and protection by anti-Stx2a monoclonal antibody 11E10.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- INM004: Polyclonal Neutralizing Antibodies Against Shiga Toxin as a Treatment for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome.Toxins · 2025Review
- Article
- Deletion of Sphingosine Kinase 2 Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury in Mice with Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Pathogenomes of Shiga Toxin Positive and NegativeMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Development of a Rapid and Sensitive CANARY Biosensor Assay for the Detection of Shiga Toxin 2 fromToxins · 2024Article
- The diverse landscape of AB5-type toxins.Engineering microbiology · 2023Review
- Shiga Toxin (Stx) Type 1a and Stx2a Translocate through a Three-Layer Intestinal Model.Toxins · 2023Article
- Targeting the Inside of Cells with Biologicals: Toxin Routes in a Therapeutic Context.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023Review
- Influence of temperature and pH on induction of Shiga toxinFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- A Multi-Specific DARPin Potently Neutralizes Shiga Toxin 2 via Simultaneous Modulation of Both Toxin Subunits.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Eliglustat prevents Shiga toxin 2 cytotoxic effects in human renal tubular epithelial cells.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Antibodies Against Shiga Toxins: Trends and Perspectives.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in Argentina: update of serotypes and genotypes and their relationship with severity of the disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Switching Shiga Toxin (Stx) Type from Stx2d to Stx2a but Not Stx2c Alters Virulence of Stx-ProducingToxins · 2021Article
- Validation of a Cell-Based Assay for Detection of Active Shiga Toxins Produced byInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Tissue Responses to Shiga Toxin in Human Intestinal Organoids.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2020Article
- Pathogenomes of Atypical Non-shigatoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Bimodal Response to Shiga Toxin 2 Subtypes Results from Relatively Weak Binding to the Target Cell.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Roles of Shiga Toxins in Immunopathology.Toxins · 2019Review
- Shiga Toxin Type 1a (Stx1a) Reduces the Toxicity of the More Potent Stx2aInfection and immunity · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains cause food-borne outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and, less commonly, a serious kidney-damaging sequela called the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Stx, the primary virulence factor expressed by STEC, is an AB5 toxin with two antigenically distinct forms, Stx1a and Stx2a. Although both toxins have similar biological activities, Stx2a is more frequently produced by STEC strains that cause HUS than is Stx1a. Here we asked whether Stx1a and Stx2a act differently when delivered orally by gavage. We found that Stx2a had a 50% lethal dose (LD50) of 2.9 μg, but no morbidity occurred after oral intoxication with up to 157 μg of Stx1a. We also compared several biochemical and histological parameters in mice intoxicated orally versus intraperitoneally with Stx2a. We discovered that both intoxication routes caused similar increases in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, indicative of kidney damage, as well as electrolyte imbalances and weight loss in the animals. Furthermore, kidney sections from Stx2a-intoxicated mice revealed multifocal, acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Of particular note, we detected Stx2a in kidney sections from orally intoxicated mice in the same region as the epithelial cell type in which ATN was detected. Lastly, we showed reduced renal damage, as determined by renal biomarkers and histopathology, and full protection of orally intoxicated mice with monoclonal antibody (MAb) 11E10 directed against the toxin A subunit; conversely, an irrelevant MAb had no therapeutic effect. Orally intoxicated mice could be rescued by MAb 11E10 6 h but not 24 h after Stx2a delivery.
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