SynthesisThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2014
Metabolic complications of in utero maternal HIV and antiretroviral exposure in HIV-exposed infants.
Synthesis in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Lower Insulin Sensitivity in Newborns With In Utero HIV and Antiretroviral Exposure Who Are Uninfected in Botswana.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Gestational and lactational exposure to HIV tri-combination therapy induces sex- and dose-dependent changes in inflammatory cytokine profiles, intestinal permeability, and villi morphology in adult rat offspring.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the safety of prenatal HIV PrEP use: Perinatal outcomes from three cohort studies in Western Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Maternal Inflammation During Pregnancy and Cord Blood Metabolomic Signatures in the Context of HIV Exposure.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Unique Profile of Inflammation and Immune Activation in Pregnant People With HIV in the United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Body Composition Trajectories During the First 23 Months of Life Differ by HIV Exposure Among Infants in Western Kenya: A Prospective Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy: Initiation and Birth Outcomes Among Pregnant Women With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in TanzaniaThe Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Relationship between pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and infant weight trajectories in HIV-exposed and HIV-unexposed infants.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2022Article
- Distinct cord blood C-peptide, adipokine, and lipidomic signatures by in utero HIV exposure.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- Article
- HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Infants in Uganda Experience Poorer Growth and Body Composition Trajectories than HIV-Unexposed Infants.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Differences in Growth of HIV-exposed Uninfected Infants in Ethiopia According to Timing of In-utero Antiretroviral Therapy Exposure.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2020Article
- Growth and Neurodevelopment of HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: a Conceptual Framework.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Review
- Decreased consumption of common weaning foods is associated with poor linear growth among HIV-exposed infants participating in the Kigali antiretroviral and breastfeeding assessment for the elimination of HIV (Kabeho) study.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2019Article
- A Comparison of Metabolic Outcomes Between Obese HIV-Exposed Uninfected Youth From the PHACS SMARTT Study and HIV-Unexposed Youth From the NHANES Study in the United States.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- HIV in pregnancy: Identification of intrapartum and perinatal HIV exposures.Paediatrics & child health · 2019Review
- Weight gain of HIV-exposed, uninfected children born before and after introduction of the 'Option B+' programme in Malawi.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Fetal Metabolic Stress Disrupts Immune Homeostasis and Induces Proinflammatory Responses in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1- and Combination Antiretroviral Therapy-Exposed Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Influence of maternal obesity on the long-term health of offspring.The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite a wide body of literature supporting the use of antenatal antiretrovirals (ARV) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, there remains a need for continued monitoring as the intrauterine interval is a critical period during which fetal programming influences the future health and development of the child.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of the current literature addressing potential metabolic complications of in utero HIV and ARV exposure. We describe studies evaluating metabolic outcomes such as intrauterine and early postnatal growth, bone health and mitochondrial toxicity.
resultsOverall, infants exposed to HIV/ARV do not appear to exhibit vastly compromised intrauterine or early postnatal growth. However, some studies on the effect of combination antiretroviral therapy on small for gestational age and low birth weight outcomes in low-middle income countries show a risk for small for gestational age/low birth weight while those in the United States do not. Postnatal growth to 1 year does not appear to be affected by intrauterine tenofovir exposure in African studies, but a US study found statistically significant differences in length for age z scores (LAZ) at 1 year. Little data exists on long-term bone health. Mitochondrial toxicity including abnormal mitochondrial morphology and DNA content, as well as neurologic deficits and death, have been demonstrated in HIV/ARV-exposed infants.
conclusionAlthough gross measures of metabolic well-being appear to be reassuring, careful vigilance of even small risks for potential serious adverse effects to infants exposed to intrauterine HIV/ARVs is warranted as intrauterine fetal metabolic programming may substantially impact the future health of the child.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.