ArticleJournal of clinical immunology2014
Longitudinal immune responses and gene expression profiles in type 1 leprosy reactions.
Article in Journal of clinical immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Detection of anti-M. leprae antibodies in children in leprosy-endemic areas: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Dynamics of Th1/Th17 responses and antimicrobial pathways in leprosy skin lesions.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Anti-phenolic glycolipid antibodies inOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Immune mediators as plasma biomarkers for identifying household contacts and classifying clinical forms and leprosy reactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Leprosy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Article
- Low transcriptomic of PTPRCv1 and CD3E is an independent predictor of mortality in HIV and tuberculosis co-infected patient.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Mycobacterium leprae induces Schwann cell proliferation and migration in a denervated milieu following intracutaneous excision axotomy in nine-banded armadillos.Experimental neurology · 2022Article
- Autophagy-Associated IL-15 Production Is Involved in the Pathogenesis of Leprosy Type 1 Reaction.Cells · 2021Article
- Blood RNA signature RISK4LEP predicts leprosy years before clinical onset.EBioMedicine · 2021Article
- Susceptibility and resistance in leprosy: Studies in the mouse model.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- In search of biomarkers for leprosy by unraveling the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Host-Related Laboratory Parameters for Leprosy Reactions.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Potential Role of CXCL10 in Monitoring Response to Treatment in Leprosy Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Macrophage Polarization in Leprosy-HIV Co-infected Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Advances in the Immunology and Genetics of Leprosy.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Biomarkers for Detecting Resilience against Mycobacterial Disease in Animals.Infection and immunity · 2019Review
- Whole blood RNA signatures in leprosy patients identify reversal reactions before clinical onset: a prospective, multicenter study.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeLeprosy, a chronic disease initiated by Mycobacterium leprae, is often complicated by acute inflammatory reactions. Although such episodes occur in at least 50% of all leprosy patients and may cause irreversible nerve damage, no laboratory tests are available for early diagnosis or prediction of reactions. Since immune- and genetic host factors are critical in leprosy reactions, we hypothesize that identification of host-derived biomarkers correlated to leprosy reactions can provide the basis for new tests to facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment thereby helping to prevent tissue damage.
methodsThe longitudinal host response of a leprosy patient, who was affected by a type 1 reaction (T1R) after MDT-treatment, was studied in unprecedented detail, measuring cellular and humoral immunity and gene expression profiles to identify biomarkers specific for T1R.
resultsCytokine analysis in response to M. leprae revealed increased production of IFN-γ, IP-10, CXCL9, IL-17A and VEGF at diagnosis of T1R compared to before T1R, whereas a simultaneous decrease in IL-10 and G-CSF was observed at T1R. Cytokines shifts coincided with a reduction in known regulatory CD39(+)CCL4(+) and CD25(high) T-cell subsets. Moreover, RNA expression profiles revealed that IFN-induced genes, (V)EGF, and genes associated with cytotoxic T-cell responses (GNLY, GZMA/B, PRF1) were upregulated during T1R, whereas expression of T-cell regulation-associated genes were decreased.
conclusionsThese data show that increased inflammation, vasculoneogenesis and cytotoxicity, perturbed T-cell regulation as well as IFN-induced genes play an important role in T1R and provide potential T1R-specific host biomarkers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.