ArticlePsychological science2014
Multiple levels of bilingual language control: evidence from language intrusions in reading aloud.
Article in Psychological science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Language switches can be monitored but not fully controlled: Eye-tracking evidence for syntax-driven language control.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Switching-back versus switching-out: Language context reveals a novel aging deficit in proactive bilingual language control.Cognition · 2026Article
- Evidence for an integrated bilingual language system from discourse tasks in aphasia.Aphasiology · 2026Article
- Evidence for an Integrated Bilingual Language System from Discourse Tasks in Aphasia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Parental Language Mixing in Montreal: Rates, Predictors, and Relation to Infants' Vocabulary Size.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Syntax drives default language selection in bilingual connected speech production.Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition · 2025Article
- Different language control mechanisms in comprehension and production: Evidence from paragraph reading.Brain and language · 2024Article
- Autocorrection if→of function words in reading aloud: A novel marker of Alzheimer's risk.Neuropsychology · 2023Article
- Inhibitory control of the dominant language: Reversed language dominance is the tip of the iceberg.Journal of memory and language · 2023Article
- The temporal dynamics of bilingual language control.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2023Article
- Language Control After Phrasal Planning: Playing Whack-a-Mole with Language Switch Costs.Journal of memory and language · 2022Article
- Scratching your tête over language-switched idioms: Evidence from eye-movement measures of reading.Memory & cognition · 2022Article
- Language-switch Costs from Comprehension to Production Might Just Be Task-switch Costs.Bilingualism (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Within-language lexical interference can be resolved in a similar way to between-language interference.Cognition · 2021Article
- What Cognates Reveal about Default Language Selection in Bilingual Sentence Production.Journal of memory and language · 2021Article
- The Influence of Cross-Linguistic Similarity and Language Background on Writing to Dictation.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Cognitive control regions are recruited in bilinguals' silent reading of mixed-language paragraphs.Brain and language · 2020Article
- Minimal Overlap in Language Control Across Production And Comprehension: Evidence from Read-Aloud Versus Eye-Tracking Tasks.Journal of neurolinguistics · 2020Article
- Transcranial direct current stimulation influences bilingual language control mechanism: evidence from cross-frequency coupling.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2020Article
- Employing Natural Control for Confounding Factors in the Hunt for the Bilingual Advantage in Attention: Evidence from School Children in Gibraltar.Journal of cognition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bilinguals rarely produce words in an unintended language. However, we induced such intrusion errors (e.g., saying el instead of he) in 32 Spanish-English bilinguals who read aloud single-language (English or Spanish) and mixed-language (haphazard mix of English and Spanish) paragraphs with English or Spanish word order. These bilinguals produced language intrusions almost exclusively in mixed-language paragraphs, and most often when attempting to produce dominant-language targets (accent-only errors also exhibited reversed language-dominance effects). Most intrusion errors occurred for function words, especially when they were not from the language that determined the word order in the paragraph. Eye movements showed that fixating a word in the nontarget language increased intrusion errors only for function words. Together, these results imply multiple mechanisms of language control, including (a) inhibition of the dominant language at both lexical and sublexical processing levels, (b) special retrieval mechanisms for function words in mixed-language utterances, and (c) attentional monitoring of the target word for its match with the intended language.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.