ArticleThe Journal of experimental biology2014
Blood feeding induces hemocyte proliferation and activation in the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae Giles.
Article in The Journal of experimental biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple evolutionary routes to immune diversification across animals.International immunology · 2026Review
- Cell-specific responses of Anopheles gambiae fat body to blood feeding and infection at single-nuclei resolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Recent insights in the development and functions of insect hemocytes.Current opinion in insect science · 2026Review
- Blood feeding, microbiota, and layered mosquito immunity: from pathway phenotypes to vector competence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Characterization of Anopheles gambiae immune cells through genetic and functional immunophenotyping.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The effects of mating and blood feeding on the immune defense of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptional landscapes of Aedes aegypti midgut and fat body after a bloodmeal.Cell genomics · 2025Article
- Fluctuating Warm and Humid Conditions Differentially Impact Immunity and Development in the Malaria Vector Anopheles stephensi.Global change biology · 2025Article
- TNF signaling mediates cellular immune function and promotes malaria parasite killing in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Influence of blood feeding and infection on arthropod hemocytes.Current opinion in insect science · 2025Review
- Review
- Anopheles gambiae phagocytic hemocytes promote Plasmodium falciparum infection by regulating midgut epithelial integrity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Warmer temperature accelerates reproductive senescence in mosquitoes.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Exploring new dimensions of immune cell biology inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Warmer environmental temperature accelerates aging in mosquitoes, decreasing longevity and worsening infection outcomes.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Late sporogonic stages ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Tick hemocytes have a pleiotropic role in microbial infection and arthropod fitness.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Artificial nighttime lighting impacts Plasmodium falciparum mature stage V gametocytes infectivity in Anopheles stephensi.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Mosquito ageing modulates the development, virulence and transmission potential of pathogens.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Higher temperature accelerates the aging-dependent weakening of the melanization immune response in mosquitoes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Malaria is a global public health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where the mosquito Anopheles gambiae Giles serves as the major vector for the protozoan Plasmodium falciparum Welch. One determinant of malaria vector competence is the mosquito's immune system. Hemocytes are a critical component as they produce soluble immune factors that either support or prevent malaria parasite development. However, despite their importance in vector competence, understanding of their basic biology is just developing. Applying novel technologies to the study of mosquito hemocytes, we investigated the effect of blood meal on hemocyte population dynamics, DNA replication and cell cycle progression. In contrast to prevailing published work, the data presented here demonstrate that hemocytes in adult mosquitoes continue to undergo low basal levels of replication. In addition, blood ingestion caused significant changes in hemocytes within 24 h. Hemocytes displayed an increase in cell number, size, granularity and Ras-MAPK signaling as well as altered cell surface moieties. As these changes are well-known markers of immune cell activation in mammals and Drosophila melanogaster Meigen, we further investigated whether a blood meal changes the expression of hemocyte-derived immune factors. Indeed, hemocytes 24 h post-blood meal displayed higher levels of critical components of the complement and melanization immune reactions in mosquitoes. Taken together, this study demonstrates that the normal physiological process of a blood meal activates the innate immune response in mosquitoes. This process is likely in part regulated by Ras-MAPK signaling, highlighting a novel mechanistic link between blood feeding and immunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.