ArticleJournal of clinical & experimental ophthalmology2013
Thioredoxin Interacting Protein (TXNIP) and Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in Journal of clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenomic profiling reveals an association between persistence of DNA methylation and metabolic memory in the DCCT/EDIC type 1 diabetes cohort.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Trial
- Review
- Elevated Very-Long-Chain Ceramides in the Vitreous Humor of Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Glucose-Sensing Carbohydrate Response Element-Binding Protein in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy.Cells · 2025Article
- Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) inhibition promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and facilitates M1-like microglial transformation via the PI3K/Akt pathway in glaucoma.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Glucose-Sensing ChREBP Protein in the Pathogenesis of Dia-betic Retinopathy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Methylglyoxal: A Key Factor for Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Effects on Retinal Damage.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Update: the role of epigenetics in the metabolic memory of diabetic complications.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Oxidative Stress-Involved Mitophagy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Retinal Degenerative Diseases.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- The stress-responsive protein REDD1 and its pathophysiological functions.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2023Review
- SRY-box transcription factor 9 modulates Müller cell gliosis in diabetic retinopathy by upregulating TXNIP transcription.Experimental animals · 2023Article
- The number of primitive endoderm cells in the inner cell mass is regulated by platelet-derived growth factor signaling in porcine preimplantation embryos.Animal bioscience · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNAseq provides insight into altered immune cell populations in human fracture nonunions.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2023Article
- Elucidating glial responses to products of diabetes-associated systemic dyshomeostasis.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023Review
- Identification and Validation of Potential Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits oxidative stress and ferroptosis in retinal microvascular endothelial cells induced by high glucose through down-regulation of miR-93.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia (HG)-associated reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) stress and low grade inflammation are considered to play critical roles in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Excess glucose metabolic flux through the aldose reductase/polyol pathway, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, elevated hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), diacyl glycerol/PKC activation, and mitochondrial ROS generation are all implicated in DR. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response (er-UPR) and deregulation of mitochondrial quality control by autophagy/mitophagy are observed causing cellular bioenergetic deficiency and injury. Recently, a pro-oxidant and pro-apoptotic thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) was shown to be highly upregulated in DR and by HG in retinal cells in culture. TXNIP binds to thioredoxin (Trx) inhibiting its oxidant scavenging and thiolreducing capacity. Hence, prolonged overexpression of TXNIP causes ROS/RNS stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and premature cell death in DR. Initially, DR was considered as microvascular complications of endothelial dysfunction and pericyte loss characterized by capillary basement membrane thickening, pericyte ghost, blood retinal barrier leakage, acellular capillary and neovascularization. However, it is currently acknowledged that neuro-glia are also affected by HG in diabetes and that neuronal injury, glial activation, innate immunity/sterile inflammation, and ganglion apoptosis occur early in DR. In addition, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) becomes dysfunctional in DR. Since TXNIP is induced by HG in most cells, its effects are not restricted to a particular cell type in DR. However, depending on the metabolic activity and anti-oxidant capacity, some cells may be affected earlier by TXNIP than others. Identification of TXNIP sensitive cells and elucidating the underlying mechanism(s) will be critical for preventing pre-mature cell death and progression of DR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.