ArticlePsycho-oncology2014
Facilitators and barriers to help-seeking for breast and cervical cancer symptoms: a qualitative study with an ethnically diverse sample in London.
Article in Psycho-oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Comparing cancer stage at diagnosis between migrants and non-migrants: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- 'We know what the barriers are, but nothing changes' - Professional perspectives on promoting breast cancer screening initiatives for ethnic minority women.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Predictors of delay in the cervical cancer care cascade in Kampala, Uganda.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- A Scoping Review of Stigma Related to Prostate Cancer in Black Men.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators of supportive care access and use among men with cancer: a qualitative study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Behind the Screen: An Exploratory Study of Factors Influencing Breast Screening Uptake in Lancashire (UK).Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- Symptom appraisal and help seeking in males with symptoms of possible prostate cancer: a qualitative study with an ethnically diverse sample in London.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Article
- Patient delay and related influencing factors in Chinese women under 35 years diagnosed with cervical cancer: A cross-sectional study.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2023Article
- Relationship between ethnicity and stage at diagnosis in England: a national analysis of six cancer sites.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Article
- Trajectories to a cancer diagnosis: Why and when women seek help for breast symptoms in Vietnam.Health & social care in the community · 2022Article
- A qualitative exploration of the facilitators and barriers to early diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer: Perceptions of patients and carers.European journal of cancer care · 2022Article
- Racism in healthcare: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Vietnam.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Engagement barriers and service inequities in the NHS Breast Screening Programme: Views from British-Pakistani women.Journal of medical screening · 2020Article
- Contribution of Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Psychological Variables to Quality of Life in Women with Cervical Cancer in the Follow-Up Phase.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2020Article
- Perspectives of non-attenders for cervical cancer screening in Norway: a qualitative focus group study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Survivorship care and support following treatment for breast cancer: a multi-ethnic comparative qualitative study of women's experiences.BMC health services research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveEarlier diagnosis of cancer has become a policy priority. There is evidence that minority ethnic groups are more likely to delay help-seeking for cancer symptoms, but few studies have explored reasons for delay in these groups. The present study explored facilitators and barriers to help-seeking for breast and cervical cancer in an ethnically diverse sample of women.
methodsSemi-structured interviews were carried out with 54 healthy women from a range of ethnic backgrounds; Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Caribbean, African, Black British, Black other, White British and White other. Framework analysis was used to identify themes.
resultsAppraising a symptom as possibly due to cancer was an important facilitator of help-seeking, although for some the prospect of a cancer diagnosis was a deterrent. Women believed that earlier diagnosis improved the chance of survival, and this facilitated prompt help-seeking. A sympathetic GP facilitated help-seeking, and an unsympathetic GP was a deterrent. Some ethnic minority women described the use of alternative medicine and prayer as a first-line strategy that might delay help-seeking. Language barriers, racism and a tendency to 'soldier on' were also mentioned by these women.
conclusionsModels of delay in presentation for early cancer symptoms are likely to transfer across different ethnic groups. Encouraging open discussion about cancer among minority communities could help raise awareness about the importance of early detection and promote help-seeking as a priority response to a possible cancer symptom.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.