Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24351755›Full record

ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2014

Novel catanionic surfactant vesicle vaccines protect against Francisella tularensis LVS and confer significant partial protection against F. tularensis Schu S4 strain.

Katharina Richard, Barbara J Mann, Lenea Stocker, Eileen M Barry, Aiping Qin, Leah E Cole, Matthew T Hurley, Robert K Ernst, Suzanne M Michalek, Daniel C Stein and 2 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Animal modelling with theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. The immune response toFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Adaptive Immunity toFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Particulate delivery systems for vaccination against bioterrorism agents and emerging infectious pathogens.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2017
    Review
  16. Tularemia vaccines.Folia microbiologica · 2016
    Review
  17. Comparative review of Francisella tularensis and Francisella novicida.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Katharina RichardDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Barbara J Mann
Lenea Stocker
Eileen M Barry
Aiping Qin
Leah E Cole
Matthew T Hurley
Robert K Ernst
Suzanne M Michalek
Daniel C Stein
Philip Deshong
Stefanie N Vogel
University of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Maryland, College Park · USUniversity of Virginia · USUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

Signaling Pathways in Innate ImmunityT32AI095190 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI Stefanie N. Vogel · 2012 to 2026
$4.7M
Advancement of a Defined, Protective, Live Attenuated Tularemia VaccineR01AI102966 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI BARRY, EILEEN M. · 2013 to 2015
$2.1M
Advancement of New Live Attenuated F. Tularensis Type A Vaccine StrainsU01AI077909 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI BARRY, EILEEN M. · 2009 to 2010
$1.1M
NIAID NIH HHS AI157168NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI102966NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI095190NIAID NIH HHS T32AI095190NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI077909
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative immune-evasive coccobacillus that causes tularemia in humans and animals. A safe and efficacious vaccine that is protective against multiple F. tularensis strains has yet to be developed. In this study, we tested a novel vaccine approach using artificial pathogens, synthetic nanoparticles made from catanionic surfactant vesicles that are functionalized by the incorporation of either F. tularensis type B live vaccine strain (F. tularensis LVS [LVS-V]) or F. tularensis type A Schu S4 strain (F. tularensis Schu S4 [Schu S4-V]) components. The immunization of C57BL/6 mice with "bare" vesicles, which did not express F. tularensis components, partially protected against F. tularensis LVS, presumably through activation of the innate immune response, and yet it failed to protect against the F. tularensis Schu S4 strain. In contrast, immunization with LVS-V fully protected mice against intraperitoneal (i.p.) F. tularensis LVS challenge, while immunization of mice with either LVS-V or Schu S4-V partially protected C57BL/6 mice against an intranasal (i.n.) F. tularensis Schu S4 challenge and significantly increased the mean time to death for nonsurvivors, particularly following the i.n. and heterologous (i.e., i.p./i.n.) routes of immunization. LVS-V immunization, but not immunization with empty vesicles, elicited high levels of IgG against nonlipopolysaccharide (non-LPS) epitopes that were increased after F. tularensis LVS challenge and significantly increased early cytokine production. Antisera from LVS-V-immunized mice conferred passive protection against challenge with F. tularensis LVS. Together, these data indicate that functionalized catanionic surfactant vesicles represent an important and novel tool for the development of a safe and effective F. tularensis subunit vaccine and may be applicable for use with other pathogens.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesDisease Models, AnimalDrug CarriersFemaleFrancisella tularensisImmunization, PassiveImmunoglobulin GMiceMice, Inbred C57BLTularemiaUnilamellar LiposomesVaccines, AttenuatedAntibodies, BacterialBacterial VaccinesDrug CarriersImmunoglobulin GUnilamellar LiposomesVaccines, Attenuated

Identifiers

PMID24351755
PMCPMC3910930
OpenAlexW2117076785

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.