ArticlePloS one2013
Correlation of cytokine levels and microglial cell infiltration during retinal degeneration in RCS rats.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel insights into pathomechanisms of retinal neuronal degeneration and reactive gliosis in a murine model of GScientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Grafted Into the Retina of RCS Rats Suppress Inflammation by Down-Regulating the JAK/STAT Pathway.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Article
- Expression Profiling Analysis Reveals Key MicroRNA-mRNA Interactions in Early Retinal Degeneration in Retinitis Pigmentosa.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- In retinitis pigmentosa TrkC.T1-dependent vectorial Erk activity upregulates glial TNF-α, causing selective neuronal death.Cell death & disease · 2017Article
- Long-term safety of human retinal progenitor cell transplantation in retinitis pigmentosa patients.Stem cell research & therapy · 2017Article
- NGF/anti-VEGF combined exposure protects RCS retinal cells and photoreceptors that underwent a local worsening of inflammation.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2017Article
- Early Events in Retinal Degeneration Caused by Rhodopsin Mutation or Pigment Epithelium Malfunction: Differences and Similarities.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2017Article
- Persistent inflammatory state after photoreceptor loss in an animal model of retinal degeneration.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Gene expression changes in the retina following subretinal injection of human neural progenitor cells into a rodent model for retinal degeneration.Molecular vision · 2016Article
- Activated adult microglia influence retinal progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation toward recoverin-expressing neuron-like cells in a co-culture model.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2015Article
- Transplantation of Human Neural Progenitor Cells Expressing IGF-1 Enhances Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival.PloS one · 2015Article
- Basal membrane complex architecture is disrupted during posterior subcapsular cataract formation in Royal College of Surgeons rats.Molecular vision · 2014Article
- Scaffolds for retinal pigment epithelial cell transplantation in age-related macular degeneration.Journal of tissue engineeringReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglial cells, which are immunocompetent cells, are involved in all diseases of the central nervous system. During their activation in various diseases, a variety of soluble factors are released. In the present study, the correlation between cytokine levels and microglial cell migration in the course of retinal degeneration of Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats was evaluated. MFG-E8 and CD11b were used to confirm the microglial cells. In the retina of RCS rats, the mRNA expression of seven genes (MFG-E8 and its integrins αυ and ß5, CD11b and the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1ß, and MCP-1) formed almost similar bimodal peak distributions, which were centred at P7 and P45 to P60. In contrast, in rdy rats, which comprised the control group, a unimodal peak distribution centred at P14 was observed. The gene expression accompanied the activation and migration of microglial cells from the inner to the outer layer of the retina during the process of degeneration. Principal component analysis and discriminant function analysis revealed that the expression of these seven genes, especially TNF-α and CD11b, positively correlated with retinal degeneration and microglial activity during retinal degeneration in RCS rats, but not in the control rats. Furthermore, linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between the expression of these genes and the activation of microglial cells in the dystrophic retina. Our findings suggest that the suppression of microglial cells and the blockade of their cytotoxic effects may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for treating photoreceptor death in various retinal disorders.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.