ArticlePloS one2013
Performance of rapid point-of-care and laboratory tests for acute and established HIV infection in San Francisco.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Field accuracy of fourth-generation rapid diagnostic tests for acute HIV-1: a systematic review.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Altered Antibody Responses in Persons Infected with HIV-1 While Using Preexposure Prophylaxis.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2021Trial
- Assessment of Oral Fluid HIV Test Performance in an HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Trial in Bangkok, Thailand.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Evaluation of a point-of-care rapid HIV antibody test with insights into acute HIV symptomatology in a population with low prevalence.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Go Where the Virus Is: An HIV Micro-epidemic Control Approach to Stop HIV Transmission.Global health, science and practice · 2020Article
- Use of the Bio-Rad Geenius HIV-1/2 supplemental assay for the testing of oral fluids for the presence of HIV antibody.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2020Article
- Facilitators and Barriers Associated with Uptake of HIV Self-Testing among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Chongqing, China: A Cross-Sectional Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Cross-Subtype Detection of HIV-1 Capsid p24 Antigen Using a Sensitive Europium Nanoparticle Assay.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
- Antibody detection by agglutination-PCR (ADAP) enables early diagnosis of HIV infection by oral fluid analysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Platinum Nanocatalyst Amplification: Redefining the Gold Standard for Lateral Flow Immunoassays with Ultrabroad Dynamic Range.ACS nano · 2018Article
- Selecting an HIV Test: A Narrative Review for Clinicians and Researchers.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2017Review
- Towards an ultra-rapid smartphone- connected test for infectious diseases.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Primary HIV Infection: Clinical Presentation, Testing, and Treatment.Current infectious disease reports · 2017Review
- Analysis of False-Negative Human Immunodeficiency Virus Rapid Tests Performed on Oral Fluid in 3 International Clinical Research Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Observational
- Performance of Determine Combo and other point-of-care HIV tests among Seattle MSM.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2016Article
- Costs per Diagnosis of Acute HIV Infection in Community-based Screening Strategies: A Comparative Analysis of Four Screening Algorithms.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- Saliva and viral infections.Periodontology 2000 · 2016Review
- Using a Multitest Algorithm to Improve the Positive Predictive Value of Rapid HIV Testing and Linkage to HIV Care in Nonclinical HIV Test Sites.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent laboratory and point-of-care tests for HIV detect different analytes and use different sample types. Some have fast turnaround times (<1 hour). We investigated how HIV test choice could impact case finding by testing programs.
methodsWe analyzed 21,234 consecutive HIV tests with venous blood obtained by San Francisco HIV testing programs from 2003 to 2008. For a subset, oral fluid (n = 6446) or fingerstick blood (n = 8127) samples were also obtained for rapid testing. In all cases, HIV status was determined using an HIV antibody-plus-RNA test algorithm. We assessed how the screening antibody tests performed individually versus the gold standard of the full algorithm. We then evaluated the potential ability of other tests (including new tests) to detect more cases, by re-testing all specimens that had negative/discrepant antibody results on initial screening.
findingsThe antibody-RNA algorithm identified 58 acute and 703 established HIV infection cases. 1(st)-generation (Vironostika) and 3(rd)-generation (Genetic Systems) immunoassays had 92 and 96 percent sensitivity, respectively. The Oraquick rapid test had clinical sensitivity of only 86 percent on oral fluid samples, but 92 percent on finger-stick blood. Newer 4(th)-generation, antigen-antibody combo rapid immunoassay (ARCHITECT) detected HIV in 87 percent of all the acute cases that had been missed by one of the previous screening assays. A point-of-care 4(th) generation antigen-antibody combo rapid test (Determine) detected about 54 percent of such acute cases.
conclusionsOur study suggests that some rapid antibody blood tests will give similar case detection to laboratory antibody tests, but that oral fluid testing greatly reduces ability to detect HIV. New 4(th)-generation combo tests can detect the majority of acute infections detectable by HIV RNA but with rapid results. Using these tests as a primary screening assay in high-risk HIV testing programs could reduce or eliminate the need for HIV RNA testing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.