ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2013
Controversies about the enhanced vulnerability of the adolescent brain to develop addiction.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Daily E-Cigarette Use Duration With Anxiety in Adolescents: A Comparison With Cigarette-Only and Dual Use.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- Organization of Psychosocial Processes in Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Regions.Urban-regional ecology · 2025Article
- The Effects of THC and Nicotine on Attention: A Narrative Review.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- Nicotine on the developing brain.Pharmacological research · 2023Review
- Reversing anterior insular cortex neuronal hypoexcitability attenuates compulsive behavior in adolescent rats.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Factors modulating the incubation of drug and non-drug craving and their clinical implications.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Multifactorial Etiology of Adolescent Nicotine Addiction: A Review of the Neurobiology of Nicotine Addiction and Its Implications for Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
- Neurotoxicity of e-cigarettes.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2020Review
- Juvenile stress induces behavioral change and affects perineuronal net formation in juvenile mice.BMC neuroscience · 2018Article
- The Relationship between Self-Reported Executive Functioning and Risk-Taking Behavior in Urban Homeless Youth.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Subregional Hippocampal Thickness Abnormalities in Older Adults with a History of Heavy Cannabis Use.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2018Article
- Novelty Seeking and Drug Addiction in Humans and Animals: From Behavior to Molecules.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2016Review
- Acute acquired comitant esotropia related to excessive Smartphone use.BMC ophthalmology · 2016Article
- Effects of Cannabinoid Exposure during Adolescence on the Conditioned Rewarding Effects of WIN 55212-2 and Cocaine in Mice: Influence of the Novelty-Seeking Trait.Neural plasticity · 2016Article
- Adolescent Maturational Transitions in the Prefrontal Cortex and Dopamine Signaling as a Risk Factor for the Development of Obesity and High Fat/High Sugar Diet Induced Cognitive Deficits.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2016Review
- Nicotine and the adolescent brain.The Journal of physiology · 2015Review
- Longitudinal trajectories of marijuana use from adolescence to young adulthood.Addictive behaviors · 2015Article
- Neural activation during response inhibition is associated with adolescents' frequency of risky sex and substance use.Addictive behaviors · 2015Article
- Liver disease in the adolescent.Clinics in liver disease · 2015Review
- New frontiers in the neuropsychopharmacology of mental illness.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adolescence, defined as a transition phase toward autonomy and independence, is a natural time of learning and adjustment, particularly in the setting of long-term goals and personal aspirations. It also is a period of heightened sensation seeking, including risk taking and reckless behaviors, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among teenagers. Recent observations suggest that a relative immaturity in frontal cortical neural systems may underlie the adolescent propensity for uninhibited risk taking and hazardous behaviors. However, converging preclinical and clinical studies do not support a simple model of frontal cortical immaturity, and there is substantial evidence that adolescents engage in dangerous activities, including drug abuse, despite knowing and understanding the risks involved. Therefore, a current consensus considers that much brain development during adolescence occurs in brain regions and systems that are critically involved in the perception and evaluation of risk and reward, leading to important changes in social and affective processing. Hence, rather than naive, immature and vulnerable, the adolescent brain, particularly the prefrontal cortex, should be considered as prewired for expecting novel experiences. In this perspective, thrill seeking may not represent a danger but rather a window of opportunities permitting the development of cognitive control through multiple experiences. However, if the maturation of brain systems implicated in self-regulation is contextually dependent, it is important to understand which experiences matter most. In particular, it is essential to unveil the underpinning mechanisms by which recurrent adverse episodes of stress or unrestricted access to drugs can shape the adolescent brain and potentially trigger life-long maladaptive responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.