ArticleFrontiers in systems neuroscience2013
Valproate reopens critical-period learning of absolute pitch.
Article in Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07226141 (Valproate for the Treatment of Residual Amblyopia), which is not on this map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Valproate for the Treatment of Residual Amblyopia
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Audiomotor Perceptual Training Enhances Speech Intelligibility in Background Noise.Current biology : CB · 2017Trial
- Learning as the unifying mechanism of psychedelic action.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Investigating hierarchical critical periods in human neurodevelopment.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic regulation of brain development, plasticity, and response to early-life stress.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Early adversity alters brain architecture and increases susceptibility to mental health disorders.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Child Maltreatment and Psychopathology: A Brief Review on the Potential Role of the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis.Current pediatric reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Learning induces unique transcriptional landscapes in the auditory cortex.Hearing research · 2023Review
- A critical period plasticity framework for the sensorimotor-association axis of cortical neurodevelopment.Trends in neurosciences · 2023Review
- Learning induces unique transcriptional landscapes in the auditory cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Generalizing across tonal context, timbre, and octave in rapid absolute pitch training.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2023Article
- Epigenetic mechanisms regulate cue memory underlying discriminative behavior.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Hippocampal circuit dysfunction in psychosis.Translational psychiatry · 2022Review
- Valproate Adjuvant Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Panic Disorder Patients With Comorbid Bipolar Disorder: Case Series and Review of the Literature.Psychiatry investigation · 2022Article
- Critical periods inFrontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Childhood Trauma, the HPA Axis and Psychiatric Illnesses: A Targeted Literature Synthesis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Memory Specific to Temporal Features of Sound Is Formed by Cue-Selective Enhancements in Temporal Coding Enabled by Inhibition of an Epigenetic Regulator.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Succinic Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Relevance in γ-Aminobutyric Acid Plasticity.Journal of child neurology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Absolute pitch, the ability to identify or produce the pitch of a sound without a reference point, has a critical period, i.e., it can only be acquired early in life. However, research has shown that histone-deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC inhibitors) enable adult mice to establish perceptual preferences that are otherwise impossible to acquire after youth. In humans, we found that adult men who took valproate (VPA) (a HDAC inhibitor) learned to identify pitch significantly better than those taking placebo-evidence that VPA facilitated critical-period learning in the adult human brain. Importantly, this result was not due to a general change in cognitive function, but rather a specific effect on a sensory task associated with a critical-period.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.