ArticleJournal of conservative dentistry : JCD2013
Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of propolis, Morinda citrifolia, Azadirachta indica (Neem) and 5% sodium hypochlorite on Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate: An in-vitro study.
Article in Journal of conservative dentistry : JCD, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can natural irrigants replace sodium hypochlorite? A systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2023Pooled it
- Assessing the antibacterial potency of royal jelly: Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration evaluation againstJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2025Article
- The Effectiveness of Aqueous Propolis Extract in Reducing theInternational journal of dentistry · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine gel, triphala, andJournal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2024Article
- Comparison of Antimicrobial Efficacy ofInternational journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial efficacy of two commercially available herbal products with and without ultrasonic activation in primary endodontic infections: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of conservative dentistry and endodontics · 2024Article
- Article
- Efficacy of chitosan paste as intracanal medication against Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans biofilm compared with calcium hydroxide in an in vitro root canal infection model.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Article
- Herbal Medications in Endodontics and Its Application-A Review of Literature.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Eugenol with Zinc Oxide Mixed with Three Herbal Products to be Used as Root Canal Filling Material: AnInternational journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2022Article
- Synergistic Effect of Plant Extracts on Endodontic Pathogens Isolated from Teeth with Root Canal Treatment Failure: An In Vitro Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Characterization of Herbal Antifungal Agent,Contemporary clinical dentistry · 2018Article
- Natural products in endodontics.Saudi medical journal · 2018Review
- Characteristics, chemical compositions and biological activities of propolis from Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Natural Therapeutic Options in Endodontics - A Review.The open dentistry journal · 2016Article
- Dentinal Tubule Disinfection with Propolis & Two Extracts of Azadirachta indica Against Candida albicans Biofilm Formed on Tooth Substrate.The open dentistry journal · 2015Article
- Evaluation of antifungal activity of white-colored mineral trioxide aggregate on different strains of Candida albicans in vitro.Journal of conservative dentistry : JCD · 2014Article
- Natural medicaments in dentistry.Ayu · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionEndodontic infections are polymicrobial in nature. Candida albicans is the most common fungus isolated from failed endodontic cases. The constant increase in antibiotic resistant strains and side-effects caused by synthetic drugs has prompted researchers to look for herbal alternatives such as propolis, Morinda citrifolia and Azadirachta indica (Neem) etc., since, the gold standard for irrigation, i.e., sodium hypochlorite has many disadvantages. MATERIALS AND
methodsExtracted human mandibular premolars were biomechanically prepared, vertically sectioned, placed in tissue culture wells exposing the root canal surface to C. albicans grown on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar to form a biofilm. At the end of 2 days, all groups were treated with test solutions and control for 10 min and evaluated for Candida growth and number of colony forming units. The readings were subjected to statistical analysis using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests.
resultsSodium hypochlorite and propolis groups exhibited highest antimicrobial efficacy against C. albicans with no statistically significant difference. It was followed by the A. indica (Neem) group. M. citrifolia had limited antifungal action followed by the negative control group of saline.
conclusionAccording to the results of this study, propolis can be used as an effective antifungal agent similar to that of sodium hypochlorite, although long-term in vivo studies are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.