ArticleRetrovirology2013
Differential inhibition of LINE1 and LINE2 retrotransposition by vertebrate AID/APOBEC proteins.
Article in Retrovirology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- LINE-1 Retrotransposons and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- APOBEC3-Related Editing and Non-Editing Determinants of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Intricate Interplay between APOBEC3 Proteins and DNA Tumour Viruses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- PML and PML-like exonucleases restrict retrotransposons in jawed vertebrates.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- A Long-Running Arms Race betweenJournal of virology · 2023Article
- On the Base Composition of Transposable Elements.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Human L1 Transposition Dynamics Unraveled with Functional Data Analysis.Molecular biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Deaminase-Independent Mode of Antiretroviral Action in Human and Mouse APOBEC3 Proteins.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- How Retroviruses and Retrotransposons in Our Genome May Contribute to Autoimmunity in Rheumatological Conditions.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Variation in base composition underlies functional and evolutionary divergence in non-LTR retrotransposons.Mobile DNA · 2020Article
- Mouse APOBEC1 cytidine deaminase can induce somatic mutations in chromosomal DNA.BMC genomics · 2019Article
- On the Population Dynamics of Junk: A Review on the Population Genomics of Transposable Elements.Genes · 2019Review
- Deamination-independent restriction of LINE-1 retrotransposition by APOBEC3H.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Opossum APOBEC1 is a DNA mutator with retrovirus and retroelement restriction activity.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- The preferred nucleotide contexts of the AID/APOBEC cytidine deaminases have differential effects when mutating retrotransposon and virus sequences compared to host genes.PLoS computational biology · 2017Article
- DNA Editing of LTR Retrotransposons Reveals the Impact of APOBECs on Vertebrate Genomes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016Article
- Restricting retrotransposons: a review.Mobile DNA · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe role of AID/APOBEC proteins in the mammalian immune response against retroviruses and retrotransposons is well established. G to A hypermutations, the hallmark of their cytidine deaminase activity, are present in several mammalian retrotransposons. However, the role of AID/APOBEC proteins in non-mammalian retroelement restriction is not completely understood.
resultsHere we provide the first evidence of anti-retroelement activity of a reptilian APOBEC protein. The green anole lizard A1 protein displayed potent DNA mutator activity and inhibited ex vivo retrotransposition of LINE1 and LINE2 ORF1 protein encoding elements, displaying a mechanism of action similar to that of the human A1 protein. In contrast, the human A3 proteins did not require ORF1 protein to inhibit LINE retrotransposition, suggesting a differential mechanism of anti-LINE action of A1 proteins, which emerged in amniotes, and A3 proteins, exclusive to placental mammals. In accordance, genomic analyses demonstrate differential G to A DNA editing of LINE retrotransposons in the lizard genome, which is also the first evidence for G to A DNA editing in non-mammalian genomes.
conclusionOur data suggest that vertebrate APOBEC proteins differentially inhibit the retrotransposition of LINE elements and that the anti-retroelement activity of APOBEC proteins predates mammals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.