ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2013
Individual correlates of podoconiosis in areas of varying endemicity: a case-control study.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between footwear use and neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Hematological profiles and preventive-practice characteristics among patients with podoconiosis: A case-control study in Musanze District, Rwanda.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Determinants of podoconiosis at the age of 15 years and above at Dera Woreda, South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Addressing neglected tropical diseases in Africa: A gender perspective.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Tropical leg lymphedema caused by podoconiosis is associated with increased colonisation by anaerobic bacteria.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Determinants of Podoconiosis in Bensa District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A case control study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- The extent of protective footwear use among school-age rural children at high risk for podoconiosis and socio-economic correlates: A household cross-sectional survey in Southern Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Linking soils and human health: geospatial analysis of ground-sampled soil data in relation to community-level podoconiosis data in North West Cameroon.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2020Article
- Quantifying the socio-economic impact of leg lymphoedema on patient caregivers in a lymphatic filariasis and podoconiosis co-endemic district of Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Gender-related factors affecting health seeking for neglected tropical diseases: findings from a qualitative study in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Geographical distribution and prevalence of podoconiosis in Rwanda: a cross-sectional country-wide survey.The Lancet. Global health · 2019Article
- Rural youths' understanding of gene x environmental contributors to heritable health conditions: The case of podoconiosis in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Predicted distribution and burden of podoconiosis in Cameroon.BMJ global health · 2018Article
- Determinants of Podoconiosis, a Case Control Study.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2017Article
- Risk Factors for Podoconiosis: Kamwenge District, Western Uganda, September 2015.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017Article
- Estimating the number of cases of podoconiosis in Ethiopia using geostatistical methods.Wellcome open research · 2017Article
- Haemolytic activity of soil from areas of varying podoconiosis endemicity in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2017Article
- Dual Perspectives On Stigma: Reports of Experienced and Enacted Stigma by Those Affected and Unaffected by Podoconiosis.Journal of public health research · 2016Article
- Association Between Causal Beliefs and Shoe Wearing to Prevent Podoconiosis: A Baseline Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPodoconiosis is a non-filarial form of elephantiasis resulting in lymphedema of the lower legs. Previous studies have suggested that podoconiosis arises from the interplay of individual and environmental factors. Here, our aim was to understand the individual-level correlates of podoconiosis by comparing 460 podoconiosis-affected individuals and 707 unaffected controls. METHODS/PRINCIPAL
findingsThis was a case-control study carried out in six kebeles (the lowest governmental administrative unit) in northern Ethiopia. Each kebele was classified into one of three endemicity levels: 'low' (prevalence <1%), 'medium' (1-5%) and 'high' (>5%). A total of 142 (30.7%) households had two or more cases of podoconiosis. Compared to controls, the majority of the cases, especially women, were less educated (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3 to 2.2), were unmarried (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.6-4.6) and had lower income (t = -4.4, p<0.0001). On average, cases started wearing shoes ten years later than controls. Among cases, age of first wearing shoes was positively correlated with age of onset of podoconiosis (r = 0.6, t = 12.5, p<0.0001). Among all study participants average duration of shoe wearing was less than 30 years. Between both cases and controls, people in 'high' and 'medium' endemicity kebeles were less likely than people in 'low' endemicity areas to 'ever' have owned shoes (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.4-0.7).
conclusionsLate use of shoes, usually after the onset of podoconiosis, and inequalities in education, income and marriage were found among cases, particularly among females. There were clustering of cases within households, thus interventions against podoconiosis will benefit from household-targeted case tracing. Most importantly, we identified a secular increase in shoe-wearing over recent years, which may give opportunities to promote shoe-wearing without increasing stigma among those at high risk of podoconiosis.
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