ReviewCurrent pain and headache reports2014
Cervical radicular pain: the role of interlaminar and transforaminal epidural injections.
Review in Current pain and headache reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02226159 (Surgery Prevention by Transforaminal Injection of Epidural Steroids for Cervical Radicular Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Surgery Prevention by Transforaminal Injection of Epidural Steroids for Cervical Radicular Pain (SPIES): a Randomized, Controlled Trial
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Can CT-guided cervical nerve root injections delay or prevent the need for surgical intervention in cervical radiculopathy?Skeletal radiology · 2026Observational
- The effect of cervical parameters on interlaminar epidural steroid injection treatment outcomes in patients with cervical disc herniation.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Safety of Catheter-Based Cervical Epidural Steroid Injections: A Retrospective Review.Orthopedic reviews · 2025Article
- A New Minimally Invasive Procedure for Muscle, Back, Neck Pain and Radiculopathy - The Myofascial Nerve Block.Annals of clinical case reports · 2022Article
- Non-Particulate Steroids (Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate, Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate, and Dexamethasone Palmitate) Combined with Local Anesthetics (Ropivacaine, Levobupivacaine, Bupivacaine, and Lidocaine): A Potentially Unsafe Mixture.Journal of pain research · 2021Article
- Correlation Between Intravascular Injection Rate, Pain Intensity, and Degree of Cervical Neural Foraminal Stenosis During a Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Block.Journal of pain research · 2021Article
- Ultrasound-Guided Selective Nerve Root Block versus Fluoroscopy-Guided Interlaminar Epidural Block versus Fluoroscopy-Guided Transforaminal Epidural Block for the Treatment of Radicular Pain in the Lower Cervical Spine: A Retrospective Comparative Study.Pain research & management · 2020Article
- Ultrasound-guided selective nerve root block versus fluoroscopy-guided interlaminar epidural block for the treatment of radicular pain in the lower cervical spine: a retrospective comparative study.Journal of ultrasound · 2019Article
- Cervical Epidural Steroid Injection: Parasagittal versus Midline Approach in Patients with Unilateral Cervical Radicular Pain; A Randomized Clinical Trial.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2019Article
- Effectiveness of a multimodal pain management concept for patients with cervical radiculopathy with focus on cervical epidural injections.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- New Optimal Needle Entry Angle for Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injections: A Retrospective Study.International journal of medical sciences · 2017Observational
- Clinical Evidence of Chinese Massage Therapy (Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2017Review
- Safety of Epidural Corticosteroid Injections.Drugs in R&D · 2016Review
- Neurological complications associated with epidural steroid injections.Current pain and headache reports · 2015Review
- Comparison of the efficacy of saline, local anesthetics, and steroids in epidural and facet joint injections for the management of spinal pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Surgical neurology international · 2015Article
- Epidural steroid injection: a need for a new clinical practice guideline.The Korean journal of pain · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic neck pain and cervical radicular pain are relatively common in the adult population. Treatment for chronic radicular pain recalcitrant to conservative management includes surgical management as well as interventional techniques with epidural injections utilizing either an interlaminar approach or transforaminal approach. Although there have been multiple systematic reviews and randomized clinical trials of cervical interlaminar epidural injections, the literature is sparse in reference to cervical transforaminal epidural injections. Overall, there is good evidence for the effectiveness of cervical interlaminar epidural injections in managing cervical disc herniation and fair evidence in managing central spinal stenosis and postsurgery syndrome. The evidence is poor, however, for cervical transforaminal epidural injections. Complications with cervical interlaminar epidural injections are rare, but more commonly occur with transforaminal epidural injections and can be fatal. Emerging concepts in pain include further randomized trials; proper placebo design; focus on control design (either active control or placebo control); and appropriate methodologic quality assessment and evidence synthesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24338702What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.