Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24337625›Full record

Trial reportJournal of clinical immunology2014

A randomized phase II study of autologous cytokine-induced killer cells in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Xiaozhou Yu, Hua Zhao, Liang Liu, Shui Cao, Baozhu Ren, Naining Zhang, Xiumei An, Jinpu Yu, Hui Li, Xiubao Ren

Abstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of clinical immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
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  5. Specific immunotherapy in hepatocellular cancer: A systematic review.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2017
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xiaozhou YuDepartment of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Hua Zhao
Liang Liu
Shui Cao
Baozhu Ren
Naining Zhang
Xiumei An
Jinpu Yu
Hui Li
Xiubao Ren

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis prospective study aims to explore the benefit of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients, which has not yet been thoroughly studied before.

methodsFrom January 2004 to May 2009, 132 patients who were initially diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma of Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A, B or C, Child-Pugh scores of A or B and without prior treatment were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to either arm 1 (n = 66) to receive CIK treatment plus standard treatment, or arm 2 (n = 66) to receive standard treatment only. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival as evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analyses and treatment hazard ratios with the Cox proportional hazards model.

resultsThe 1-year (OS: 74.2% vs. 50.0%, 95% CI: 63.6-84.8% vs. 37.8-62.2, p = 0.002), 2-year (OS: 53.0% vs. 30.3%, 95% CI: 40.8-65.2% vs. 19.1-41.5%, p = 0.002), 3-year (OS: 42.4% vs. 24.2%, 95% CI: 30.4-54.4% vs. 13.8-34.6%, p = 0.005) and median overall and progression-free survivals of arm 1 patients were significantly higher than those of arm 2. Therefore, in patients who are not suitable for surgery, significant benefit is obtained from CIK treatment. The main adverse effects of CIK included fever, allergy and headache pain.

conclusionsHepatocellular carcinoma patients who were not suitable for surgery demonstrate prolonged overall and progression-free survival from CIK treatment.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveAdultAgedCarcinoma, HepatocellularCytokine-Induced Killer CellsCytotoxicity, ImmunologicFemaleHumansImmunophenotypingLiver NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalNeoplasm StagingPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID24337625

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.