SynthesisThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2014
Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on vaccine-type nasopharyngeal carriage.
Synthesis in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Clinical Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2016Pooled it
- Methods for a systematic review of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2014Pooled it
- Systematic review of the indirect effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on pneumococcal disease and colonization.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2014Pooled it
- Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on prevention of pneumonia.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2014Pooled it
- Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on immunogenicity.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2014Pooled it
- Systematic review of the effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine dosing schedules on vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease among young children.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2014Pooled it
- Risk Groups for Vaccine-Preventable Respiratory Infections in Children and Adults: An Overview of the Australian Environment.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Review
- Pneumococcal Carriage in the Sahel Region of Burkina Faso before a 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccination Campaign.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Effects of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Children Under Five Years of Age in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Systematic Review.Vaccines · 2025Review
- A new approach to define the optimal immunization strategy against pneumococcal disease: the example of Canada.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Article
- Pneumococcal Carriage in Burkina Faso After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction and Before a Schedule Change.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity of Current and Next-Generation Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in Children: Current Challenges and Upcoming Opportunities.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Pneumococcal carriage in a large Sicilian sample population: impact on the current epidemiological scenario and implications for future vaccination strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Observational
- Effect of different schedules of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal carriage in Vietnamese infants: results from a randomised controlled trial.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Environmental and maternal factors shaping tonsillar microbiota development in piglets.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Controlled Human Infection Models To Accelerate Vaccine Development.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) reduce nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine type (VT) pneumococci, an important driver of vaccine programs' overall benefits. The dosing schedule that best reduces carriage is unclear.
methodsWe performed a systematic review of English language publications from 1994 to 2010 (supplemented post hoc with studies from 2011) reporting PCV effects on VT carriage to assess variability in effect by dosing schedule.
resultsWe identified 32 relevant studies (36 citations) from 12,980 citations reviewed. Twenty-one (66%) evaluated PCV7; none used PCV10 or PCV13. Five studies evaluated 2 primary doses and 13 three primary doses. After the first year of life, 14 evaluated 3-dose primary series with PCV booster (3+1), seven 3 doses plus 23-valent polysaccharide booster "3+1PPV23," five "3+0," four "2+1," three "2+1PPV23" and two "2+0." Four studies directly compared schedules. From these, 3 primary doses reduced VT carriage more than 2 doses at 1-7 months following the series (1 study significant; 2 borderline). In a study, the 2+1 schedule reduced VT carriage more than 2+0 at 18, but not at 24 months of age. One study of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine booster showed no effect. All 16 clinical trials with unvaccinated controls and 11 observational studies with before-after designs showed reduction in VT carriage.
conclusionsThe available literature demonstrates VT-carriage reduction for 2+0, 2+1, 3+0 and 3+1 PCV schedules, but not for 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine booster. Comparisons between schedules show that 3 primary doses and a 2+1 schedule may reduce carriage more than 2 primary doses and a 2+0 schedule, respectively.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.