Evidence map›Paper›PMID 24335699›Full record

SynthesisNeuro-oncology2014

Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in glioblastoma: a literature-based meta-analysis from 91 trials.

Kelong Han, Melanie Ren, Wolfgang Wick, Lauren Abrey, Asha Das, Jin Jin, David A Reardon

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neuro-oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04115761 (A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccination), which is not on this map. Cited by 87 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
87citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04115761 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Autologous Dendritic Cell Vaccination (ADCV01) As an Add-On Treatment for Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorEver Supreme Bio Technology Co., Ltd.Ran2019 to 2026Enrolled24ConditionsGBMArmsautologous dendritic cells
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

87 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. BMC medical imaging · 2026
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27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kelong HanGenentech, South San Francisco, California (K.H., M.R., A.D., J.J.); University Medical Center & DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland (L.A.); Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (D.A.R.).
Melanie Ren
Wolfgang Wick
Lauren Abrey
Asha Das
Jin Jin
David A Reardon

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study was to determine correlations between progression-free survival (PFS) and the objective response rate (ORR) with overall survival (OS) in glioblastoma and to evaluate their potential use as surrogates for OS.

methodPublished glioblastoma trials reporting OS and ORR and/or PFS with sufficient detail were included in correlative analyses using weighted linear regression.

resultsOf 274 published unique glioblastoma trials, 91 were included. PFS and OS hazard ratios were strongly correlated; R(2) = 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.71-0.99). Linear regression determined that a 10% PFS risk reduction would yield an 8.1% ± 0.8% OS risk reduction. R(2) between median PFS and median OS was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.59-0.79), with a higher value in trials using Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO; R(2) = 0.96, n = 8) versus Macdonald criteria (R(2) = 0.70; n = 83). No significant differences were demonstrated between temozolomide- and bevacizumab-containing regimens (P = .10) or between trials using RANO and Macdonald criteria (P = .49). The regression line slope between median PFS and OS was significantly higher in newly diagnosed versus recurrent disease (0.58 vs 0.35, P = .04). R(2) for 6-month PFS with 1-year OS and median OS were 0.60 (95% CI, 0.37-0.77) and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.42-0.77), respectively. Objective response rate and OS were poorly correlated (R(2) = 0.22).

conclusionIn glioblastoma, PFS and OS are strongly correlated, indicating that PFS may be an appropriate surrogate for OS. Compared with OS, PFS offers earlier assessment and higher statistical power at the time of analysis.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic AgentsBevacizumabBiomarkersClinical Trials as TopicDacarbazineDisease-Free SurvivalGlioblastomaHumansTemozolomideTreatment OutcomeAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic AgentsBevacizumabBiomarkersDacarbazineTemozolomideglioblastomameta-analysisoverall survivalprogression-free survivalregressionresponse ratesurrogate endpoint

Identifiers

PMID24335699
PMCPMC3984546

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.