ReviewImmunology2014
The microbiome and regulation of mucosal immunity.
Review in Immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 183 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
183 citing papers in PubMed, 332 citations in OpenAlex.
- A yeast-derived postbiotic fermentate rapidly modulates inflammatory cytokines and immune surveillance markers in healthy adults: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- Yi-Shen-Hua-Shi regulates intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and protects against proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled study.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Trial
- Relationship of the Esophageal Microbiome and Tissue Gene Expression and Links to the Oral Microbiome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2020Trial
- The Role of Microbiota in Type 1 Diabetes: Insights into Dysbiosis and Immune Interactions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of gut microbiota dysbiosis and bacterial signatures predictive of postoperative enterocolitis in children with Hirschsprung disease.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2026Article
- Biofilms: from the cradle of life to life support.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- The function of Toll-like receptor 2 in control of transcriptome responses to the microbiome and microbiome composition.Animal microbiome · 2026Article
- The relationship between gut microbiota and cancer immune response and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Decoding the power of the microbiome in human health.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- The role of the early-life gut microbiome in childhood asthma.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Role of the gut‑lung axis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Physiological basis, pathogenesis and immunological modulation (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- Precision Delivery of Active Compounds from Edible and Medicinal Plants via Gut Microbiota Targeting: A New Paradigm for Cancer Immunotherapy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Beyond the gut: decoding the gut-immune-brain axis in health and disease.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- pH-sensor GPR68 plays a role in how dietary fibre lowers blood pressure in a preclinical model of hypertension.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- The Impact of Low-Lactose, High Galacto-Oligosaccharides Milk on Gut Microbiome and Plasma Metabolome in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial Complemented by Ex Vivo Experiments.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Hydrogels Modulating the Microbiome: Therapies for Tissue Regeneration with Infection Control.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Causal Role of the Gut Microbiota-Plasma Metabolome Axis in Myeloproliferative Neoplasm Pathogenesis: A Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Germinated Spores of the Probiotic BacteriumMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis via Neuroinflammation: Advances and Therapeutic Implications for Ischemic Stroke.Biomolecules · 2025Review
123 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is a mucosal surface constantly exposed to foreign antigens and microbes, and is protected by a vast array of immunologically active structures and cells. Epithelial cells directly participate in immunological surveillance and direction of host responses in the gut and can express numerous pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR9, and nucleotide oligomerization domain 2, as well as produce chemotactic factors for both myeloid and lymphoid cells following inflammatory stimulation. Within the epithelium and in the underlying lamina propria resides a population of innate lymphoid cells that, following stimulation, can become activated and produce effector cytokines and exert both protective and pathogenic roles during inflammation. Lamina propria dendritic cells play a large role in determining whether the response to a particular antigen will be inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. It is becoming clear that the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiome, as a whole community, exerts a profound influence on mucosal immune regulation. The microbiome produces short-chain fatty acids, polysaccharide A, α-galactosylceramide and tryptophan metabolites, which can induce interleukin-22, Reg3γ, IgA and interleukin-17 responses. However, much of what is known about microbiome-host immune interactions has come from the study of single bacterial members of the gastrointestinal microbiome and their impact on intestinal mucosal immunity. Additionally, evidence continues to accumulate that alterations of the intestinal microbiome can impact not only gastrointestinal immunity but also immune regulation at distal mucosal sites.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.