ArticleSpringerPlus2013
Analysis of 10 km swimming performance of elite male and female open-water swimmers.
Article in SpringerPlus, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Freestyle master's swimming: Nationality, sex, and performance trends in World Aquatics competitions (1986-2024).PloS one · 2025Article
- Analysis of Kinematic and Muscular Fatigue in Long-Distance Swimmers.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Modelling performance by continents in swimming.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Nutritional support for a person with type 1 diabetes undertaking endurance swimming.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- 5 km front crawl in pool and open water swimming: breath-by-breath energy expenditure and kinematic analysis.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Swimming Disciplines-Can Women Outperform Men in Swimming?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- The energy cost of swimming and its determinants.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Review
- Race Strategies of Open Water Swimmers in the 5-km, 10-km, and 25-km Races of the 2017 FINA World Swimming Championships.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Sex difference in open-water swimming-The Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming 1875-2017.PloS one · 2018Article
- Performance Trends in Master Butterfly Swimmers Competing in the FINA World Championships.Journal of human kinetics · 2017Article
- Women cross the 'Catalina Channel' faster than men.SpringerPlus · 2015Article
- Ice swimming - 'Ice Mile' and '1 km Ice event'.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2015Article
- Ice swimming and changes in body core temperature: a case study.SpringerPlus · 2015Article
- Analysis of sex differences in open-water ultra-distance swimming performances in the FINA World Cup races in 5 km, 10 km and 25 km from 2000 to 2012.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2014Article
- Participation and performance trends by nationality in the 'English Channel Swim' from 1875 to 2013.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2014Article
- Changes in sex difference in swimming speed in finalists at FINA World Championships and the Olympic Games from 1992 to 2013.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2014Article
- Performance and sex difference in ultra-triathlon performance from Ironman to Double Deca Iron ultra-triathlon between 1978 and 2013.SpringerPlus · 2014Article
- Will women soon outperform men in open-water ultra-distance swimming in the 'Maratona del Golfo Capri-Napoli'?SpringerPlus · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated trends in performance and sex difference in swimming speed of elite open-water swimmers at FINA 10 km competitions (i.e. World Cup races, European Championships, World Championships and Olympic Games). Swimming speed and sex difference in swimming speed of the fastest and the top ten women and men per event competing at 10 km open-water races between 2008 and 2012 were analysed using single and multi-level regression analyses. A total of 2,591 swimmers (i.e. 1,120 women and 1,471 men) finished 47 races. Swimming speed of the fastest women (1.35 ± 0.9 m/s) and men (1.45 ± 0.10 m/s) showed no changes across years. The mean sex difference in swimming speed for the fastest swimmers was 6.8 ± 2.5%. Swimming speed of the top ten female swimmers per event was 1.34 ± 0.09 m/s and remained stable across the years. The top ten male swimmers per event showed a significant decrease in swimming speed over time, even though swimming speed in the first race (i.e. January 2008, 1.40 ± 0.0 m/s) was slower than the swimming speed in the last race (i.e. October 2012, 1.50 ± 0.0 m/s) (P < 0.05). To summarize, swimming performances remained stable for the fastest elite open-water swimmers at 10 km FINA competitions between 2008 and 2012, while performances of the top ten men tended to decrease. The sex difference in swimming speed in elite ultra-swimmers (~7%) appeared smaller compared to other ultra-distance disciplines such as running. Further studies should examine how body shape and physiology of elite open-water ultra-distance swimmers influence performances.
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