ArticlePloS one2013
A novel outbred mouse model of 2009 pandemic influenza and bacterial co-infection severity.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trimester-dependent vertical transmission of H5N1 influenza virus through placental and mammary routes impairs offspring development.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Biological sex influences immune response to influenza infection in juvenile outbred mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026Article
- Best Practices in the Development and Use of Experimental Models of Bacterial Pneumonia: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- CD209d/e promotes inflammation and lung injury during influenza virus infection.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Sex-based differences in persistent lung inflammation following influenza infection of juvenile outbred mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- Host Genetic Variation Impacts SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response in the Diversity Outbred Mouse Population.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor, Empagliflozin, Suppresses the Inflammatory Immune Response to Influenza Infection.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- NEDD4 Regulated Pyroptosis Occurred from Co-infection between Influenza A Virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2023Article
- Long-Lasting Protection Induced by a Polyanhydride Nanovaccine against Respiratory Syncytial Virus in an Outbred Mouse Model.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Aging, But Not Sex and Genetic Diversity, Impacts the Pathobiology of Bacterial Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Factors Associated With Fatality Due to Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Infection in China.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Targeting the IL-22/IL-22BP axis enhances tight junctions and reduces inflammation during influenza infection.Mucosal immunology · 2020Article
- The current state of animal models and genomic approaches towards identifying and validating molecular determinants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease.Pathogens and disease · 2019Review
- The Collaborative Cross: A Systems Genetics Resource for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions.Cell host & microbe · 2019Review
- STAT2 Signaling Regulates Macrophage Phenotype During Influenza and Bacterial Super-Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Evaluation of an outbred mouse model for Francisella tularensis vaccine development and testing.PloS one · 2018Article
- Evaluation in Mouse Model of Combined Virus-bacterial Vaccine Based on Attenuated Influenza A(H7N3) Virus and the Group B Streptococcus Recombinant Polypeptides.The open microbiology journal · 2016Article
- Orally Administered Salacia reticulata Extract Reduces H1N1 Influenza Clinical Symptoms in Murine Lung Tissues Putatively Due to Enhanced Natural Killer Cell Activity.Frontiers in immunology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza viruses pose a significant health risk and annually impose a great cost to patients and the health care system. The molecular determinants of influenza severity, often exacerbated by secondary bacterial infection, are largely unclear. We generated a novel outbred mouse model of influenza virus, Staphylococcus aureus, and co-infection utilizing influenza A/CA/07/2009 virus and S. aureus (USA300). Outbred mice displayed a wide range of pathologic phenotypes following influenza virus or co-infection ranging broadly in severity. Influenza viral burden positively correlated with weight loss although lung histopathology did not. Inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α, G-CSF, and CXCL10 positively correlated with both weight loss and viral burden. In S. aureus infection, IL-1β, G-CSF, TNF-α, and IL-6 positively correlated with weight loss and bacterial burden. In co-infection, IL-1β production correlated with decreased weight loss suggesting a protective role. The data demonstrate an approach to identify biomarkers of severe disease and to understand pathogenic mechanisms in pneumonia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.