ReviewBiologics : targets & therapy2013
Optimizing therapeutics in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis: a review of drug efficacy, dosing, and mechanisms of action.
Review in Biologics : targets & therapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redefining multiple sclerosis therapy through microbial immunomodulation and epigenetic control.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Review
- Prophylactic administration of PEPITEM in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis delays disease onset, inhibits leukocyte infiltration, and alleviates severity.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2024Article
- Multiple sclerosis diagnostic delay and its associated factors in Upper Egyptian patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Updates and advances in multiple sclerosis neurotherapeutics.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2023Review
- Monitoring of the pharmacological treatment availability in patients with multiple sclerosis in the Greater Poland population.Reumatologia · 2023Review
- Acthar Gel (RCI): A Narrative Literature Review of Clinical and Economic Evidence.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2023Review
- Pinocembrin Promotes OPC Differentiation and Remyelination via the mTOR Signaling Pathway.Neuroscience bulletin · 2021Article
- Consequences of Insurance Denials Among U.S. Patients Prescribed Repository Corticotropin Injection for Acute Exacerbations of Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2021Article
- Organic Selenium Reaches the Central Nervous System and Downmodulates Local Inflammation: A Complementary Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis?Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Psychosocial and Medical Determinants of Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2018Article
- Regular Exercise Modifies Histopathological Outcomes of Pharmacological Treatment in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- The sequence of disease-modifying therapies in relapsing multiple sclerosis: safety and immunologic considerations.Journal of neurology · 2017Review
- Oxidative damage and chemokine production dominate days before immune cell infiltration and EAE disease debut.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2016Article
- The role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2016Review
- Predictors of disease activity in 857 patients with MS treated with interferon beta-1b.Journal of neurology · 2015Article
- Access to Care for Multiple Sclerosis in Times of Economic Crisis in Greece--the HOPE II Study.International journal of health policy and management · 2015Article
- An update on immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of multiple sclerosis.Brain and behavior · 2015Review
- Dimethyl fumarate and the oleanane triterpenoids, CDDO-imidazolide and CDDO-methyl ester, both activate the Nrf2 pathway but have opposite effects in the A/J model of lung carcinogenesis.Carcinogenesis · 2015Article
- The meninges: new therapeutic targets for multiple sclerosis.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2015Review
- Body fluid biomarkers in multiple sclerosis: how far we have come and how they could affect the clinic now and in the future.Expert review of clinical immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disorder that affects nearly 2 million adults, mostly in the prime of their youth. An environmental trigger, such as a viral infection, is hypothesized to initiate the abnormal behavior of host immune cells: to attack and damage the myelin sheath surrounding the neurons of the central nervous system. While several other pathways and disease triggers are still being investigated, it is nonetheless clear that MS is a heterogeneous disease with multifactorial etiologies that works independently or synergistically to initiate the aberrant immune responses to myelin. Although there are still no definitive markers to diagnose the disease or to cure the disease per se, research on management of MS has improved many fold over the past decade. New disease-modifying therapeutics are poised to decrease immune inflammatory responses and consequently decelerate the progression of MS disease activity, reduce the exacerbations of MS symptoms, and stabilize the physical and mental status of individuals. In this review, we describe the mechanism of action, optimal dosing, drug administration, safety, and efficacy of the disease-modifying therapeutics that are currently approved for MS therapy. We also briefly touch upon the new drugs currently under investigation, and discuss the future of MS therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.