ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology2014
Sex differences in forearm vasoconstrictor response to voluntary apnea.
Article in American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- β-Adrenergic receptors mediate sex differences in vasodilation but not sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction during hypoxia.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Trial
- Renal vascular control during normothermia and passive heat stress does not differ between healthy younger men and women.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Trial
- Sex-Specific Differential Responses of Circulating Biomarkers in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment. AAnnals of the American Thoracic Society · 2020Trial
- From protection to predisposition: A narrative review of sex-specific vascular responses to acute stressors across the lifespan.Physiological reports · 2026Review
- Sex-related differences in the peripheral vascular response to hypoxia: Implications in health and relevance for obstructive sleep apnoea.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- The effect of sex on the isolated and combined α- and β-adrenergic control of blood flow during handgrip in adults at high altitude: An exploratory study.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Role of overweight and obesity on vascular responses to the cold pressor test and hypoxia in women.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Article
- Influence of hypercapnia and hypercapnic hypoxia on the heart rate response to apnea.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Recommendations for Women in Mountain Sports and Hypoxia Training/Conditioning.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Women at Altitude: Sex-Related Physiological Responses to Exercise in Hypoxia.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- The forearm vascular response to sympathetic activation is attenuated in female, but not male, participants following acute intermittent hypoxia.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Sex differences during a cold-stress test in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia: A randomized controlled crossover study.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Hypoxic breathing produces more intense hypoxemia in elderly women than in elderly men.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Sex differences in the vascular response to sympathetic activation during acute hypoxaemia.Experimental physiology · 2021Article
- Sex differences in integrated neurocardiovascular control of blood pressure following acute intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2020Article
- Individual variations and sex differences in hemodynamics with percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpOJournal of physiological anthropology · 2020Article
- Age and sex differences in sympathetic and hemodynamic responses to hypoxia and cold pressor test.Physiological reports · 2019Article
- Ascorbic acid attenuates the pressor response to voluntary apnea in postmenopausal women.Physiological reports · 2015Article
- Menstrual cycle and sex effects on sympathetic responses to acute chemoreflex stress.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2015Article
- Chemoreflex physiology and implications for sleep apnoea: insights from studies in humans.Experimental physiology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clinical evidence indicates that obstructive sleep apnea is more common and more severe in men compared with women. Sex differences in the vasoconstrictor response to hypoxemia-induced sympathetic activation might contribute to this clinical observation. In the current laboratory study, we determined sex differences in the acute physiological responses to maximal voluntary end-expiratory apnea (MVEEA) during wakefulness in healthy young men and women (26 ± 1 yr) as well as healthy older men and women (64 ± 2 yr). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), brachial artery blood flow velocity (BBFV, Doppler ultrasound), and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC, laser Doppler flowmetry) were measured, and changes in physiological parameters from baseline were compared between groups. The breath-hold duration and oxygen-saturation nadir were similar between groups. In response to MVEEA, young women had significantly less forearm vasoconstriction compared with young men (ΔBBFV: 2 ± 7 vs. -25 ± 6% and ΔCVC: -5 ± 4 vs. -31 ± 4%), whereas ΔMAP (12 ± 2 vs. 16 ± 3 mmHg) and ΔHR (4 ± 2 vs. 6 ± 3 bpm) were comparable between groups. The attenuated forearm vasoconstriction in young women was not observed in postmenopausal women (ΔBBFV -21 ± 5%). We concluded that young women have blunted forearm vasoconstriction in response to MVEEA compared with young men, and this effect is not evident in older postmenopausal women. These data suggest that female sex hormones dampen neurogenic vasoconstriction in response to apnea-induced hypoxemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.