ArticleCritical care (London, England)2013
Decreased HLA-DR antigen-associated invariant chain (CD74) mRNA expression predicts mortality after septic shock.
Article in Critical care (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03841162 (Fast Assay for Pathogen Identification and Characterization - Prospective Observational Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fast Assay for Pathogen Identification and Characterization - Prospective Observational Study
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals immune remodeling in bone marrow during aged sepsis.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Immunology of Sepsis.Clinics in chest medicine · 2026Review
- Early biomarkers for predicting sepsis-induced shock: insights from inflammatory pathways and immune response.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The flux of energy in critical illness and the obesity paradox.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Identification of key genes and development of an identifying machine learning model for sepsis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Monocyte Anisocytosis Changes in Patients After Major Burn Injuries.Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association · 2025Article
- Novel Identification of CD74 as a Biomarker for Diagnosing and Prognosing Sepsis Patients.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- From Defense to Dysfunction: Decoding the Paradox of Emergency Granulopoiesis in Sepsis Pathogenesis.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics analysis identifies a key gene HLA_DPA1 in severe influenza-associated immune infiltration.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy in the context of sepsis-induced immunological dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Role of the Intravenous IgA and IgM-Enriched Immunoglobulin Preparation in the Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Interferon-γ regulates immunosuppression in septic mice by promoting the Warburg effect through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Neutrophils and emergency granulopoiesis drive immune suppression and an extreme response endotype during sepsis.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Utility of monocyte HLA-DR and rationale for therapeutic GM-CSF in sepsis immunoparalysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Septic Shock Based on Pathway and Transcriptome Analyses of Immune-Related Genes.Genetics research · 2023Article
- Prospective multicentre study of host response signatures in neonatal sepsis in Sub Saharan Africa.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Co-expression network analysis identifies potential candidate hub genes in severe influenza patients needing invasive mechanical ventilation.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Flow cytometry-based high-throughput RNAi screening for miRNAs regulating MHC class II HLA-DR surface expression.European journal of immunology · 2022Article
- Disruption of Kidney-Immune System Crosstalk in Sepsis with Acute Kidney Injury: Lessons Learned from Animal Models and Their Application to Human Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSeptic syndromes remain the leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICU). Septic patients rapidly develop immune dysfunctions, the intensity and duration of which have been linked with deleterious outcomes. Decreased mRNA expressions of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-related genes have been reported after sepsis. We investigated whether their mRNA levels in whole blood could predict mortality in septic shock patients.
methodsA total of 93 septic shock patients were included. On the third day after shock, the mRNA expressions of five MHC class II-related genes (CD74, HLA-DRA, HLA-DMB, HLA-DMA, CIITA) were measured by qRT-PCR and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) by flow cytometry.
resultsA significant correlation was found among MHC class II related gene expressions. Among mRNA markers, the best prognostic value was obtained for CD74 (HLA-DR antigen-associated invariant chain). For this parameter, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated (AUC = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55 to 0.79; P = 0.01) as well as the optimal cut-off value. After stratification based on this threshold, survival curves showed that a decreased CD74 mRNA level was associated with increased mortality after septic shock (Log rank test, P = 0.0043, Hazard Ratio = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.4 to 6.5). Importantly, this association remained significant after multivariate logistic regression analysis including usual clinical confounders (that is, severity scores, P = 0.026, Odds Ratio = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.2 to 9.8).
conclusionDecreased CD74 mRNA expression significantly predicts 28-day mortality after septic shock. After validation in a larger multicentric study, this biomarker could become a robust predictor of death in septic patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.