ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2014
Reduced fetal growth in methadone-maintained pregnancies is not fully explained by smoking or socio-economic deprivation.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cognitive Outcomes of Young Children After Prenatal Exposure to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Animal Models of Prenatal Opioid Exposure: Insights into Impaired Neurodevelopment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Opioid receptor signaling throughout ontogeny: Shaping neural and behavioral trajectories.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Children had smaller brain volumes and cortical surface areas after prenatal opioid maintenance therapy exposure.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Executive functioning, behavioural, emotional, and cognitive difficulties in school-aged children prenatally exposed to methadone.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Consequences of Parental Opioid Exposure on Neurophysiology, Behavior, and Health in the Next Generations.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Sex Differences in Early Cognitive Development After Prenatal Exposure to Opioids.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2020Article
- Review
- Prenatal opioid exposure: The next neonatal neuroinflammatory disease.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Article
- Prenatal methadone exposure is associated with altered neonatal brain development.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2018Article
- Evaluation of the vaginal flora in pregnant women receiving opioid maintenance therapy: a matched case-control study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2016Article
- Behavior and Attention Problems in Eight-Year-Old Children with Prenatal Opiate and Poly-Substance Exposure: A Longitudinal Study.PloS one · 2016Article
- Review
- Commentary on Mactier et al. (2014): Methadone-assisted treatment and the complexity of influences on fetal development.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo determine if reduced fetal growth in infants of opioid-dependent mothers prescribed methadone maintenance in pregnancy is explained by cigarette smoking or socio-economic deprivation.
designRetrospective cohort study.
settingInner-city maternity unit in Scotland.
participantsA total of 366 singleton infants of methadone-prescribed opioid-dependent mothers compared with the Scottish birth population (n=103 366) as a whole. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome measures were birth weight and head circumference.
findingsIn infants of methadone-prescribed opioid-dependent mothers mean birth weight was 259 g [95% confidence interval (CI) 214-303 g; P<0.0001] less, and mean head circumference 1.01 cm (95% CI 0.87-1.15 cm; P<0.0001) less than in controls, allowing for gestation, cigarette smoking, area deprivation, infant sex and maternal age and parity. This represents an adjusted difference of -0.61 (95% CI -0.52--0.71; P<0.0001) Z-score in mean birth weight and -0.77 (95% CI -0.66--0.89; P<0.0001) Z-score in mean head circumference.
conclusionsReduced fetal growth in infants of opioid-dependent mothers prescribed methadone maintenance in pregnancy is not fully explained by cigarette smoking, area deprivation, maternal age or parity.
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