Trial reportSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2014
Normobaric hypoxia training causes more weight loss than normoxia training after a 4-week residential camp for obese young adults.
Trial report in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of hypoxic versus normoxic exercise training on body composition, cardiometabolic health markers, and functional performance in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of hypoxic training interventions on cardiometabolic health of adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of exercise interventions in hypoxic environment on cardiovascular function and maximal power output in obese or overweight individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Physiological Mechanisms Driving Microcirculatory Enhancement: the Impact of Physical Activity.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of exercise training in a hypobaric/normobaric hypoxic environment on body composition and glycolipid metabolism in individuals with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- The Methodological Quality of Studies Investigating the Acute Effects of Exercise During Hypoxia Over the Past 40 years: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of exercise training in hypoxia versus normoxia on fat-reducing in overweight and/or obese adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Exercise Training in Hypoxia Versus Normoxia on Vascular Health.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2016Pooled it
- Effects training in hypoxia on cardiometabolic parameters in obese people: A systematic review of randomized controlled trial.Atencion primariaPooled it
- Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Hypoxia Among Lean Males and Those With Overweight or Obesity.European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of normobaric hypoxic exercise on blood pressure in old individuals.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- Hypoxic Pilates Intervention for Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Effects of an Acute Pilates Program under Hypoxic Conditions on Vascular Endothelial Function in Pilates Participants: A Randomized Crossover Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Effects of Living High-Training Low and High on Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Markers in Overweight and Obese Females.BioMed research international · 2020Trial
- The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Hypoxia on Cognition in Sedentary Young Adults.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Trial
- Impact of intermittent hypoxia and exercise on blood pressure and metabolic features from obese subjects suffering sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Hypoxic Exercise with Different Oxygen Concentrations on Metabolic Outcomes in Obesity: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dose-response relationship of normobaric hypoxia training on body composition and metabolic health in obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntermittent normobaric hypoxia training, an alternative to altitude training for athletes, may be beneficial to treat overweight and obesity. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether normobaric hypoxia training combined with low-caloric diet has the additive effect on weight loss compared with normoxia training in obese young adults.
methodsTwenty-two subjects (age 17-25 years, body mass index >27.5 kg/m(2)) were recruited for a 4-week residential camp of weight loss with low caloric intake, and trained at 60-70% maximal heart rate of aerobics and 40-50% of maximal strength of training. They were randomly assigned to either a normobaric hypoxia (HT, FiO2 = 16.4-14.5 %) or normoxia training group (NT, FiO2 = 21%), and subjects in HT and NT groups experienced weekly 16-h normoxia and 6-h hypoxia or 22-h normoxia training, respectively. Body composition, resting blood pressure (BP) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were determined before and after the intervention.
resultsWeight loss was found in HT (-6.9 kg or -7.0%, p < 0.01) and NT groups (-4.3 kg or -4.2%, p < 0.01) significantly, and the former lost more weight than the latter (p < 0.01). Hypoxia training improved systolic BP (-7.6%) and mean BP (-7.1%) significantly (p < 0.05) despite having no effect on baPWV.
conclusionFour weeks of normobaric hypoxia residential training with low caloric diet has an additive improvement on weight loss. It seems that normobaric hypoxia training might be a promising method to treat obesity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.