ArticleGene2014
Recruitment and diversification of an ecdysozoan family of neuropeptide hormones for black widow spider venom expression.
Article in Gene, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxins in disguise: Neuropeptide mimicry across animal venoms.General and comparative endocrinology · 2026Review
- Identification and Functional Analysis of a Key Gene in the CHH Gene Family for Glucose Metabolism in the Pacific White ShrimpInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A toxin-based approach to neuropeptide and peptide hormone discovery.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Molecular architecture of black widow spider neurotoxins.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Structure-Based Functional Analysis of a Hormone Belonging to an Ecdysozoan Peptide Superfamily: Revelation of a Common Molecular Architecture and Residues Possibly for Receptor Interaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Molecular diversity and evolutionary trends of cysteine-rich peptides from the venom glands of Chinese spider Heteropoda venatoria.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Widow spiders in the New World: a review onThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Toxin-like neuropeptides in the sea anemoneProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Australian funnel-web spiders evolved human-lethal δ-hexatoxins for defense against vertebrate predators.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- The Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone Superfamily: Progress Made in the Past Decade.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Spider Venom: Components, Modes of Action, and Novel Strategies in Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses.Toxins · 2019Review
- Pore-Forming Proteins from Cnidarians and Arachnids as Potential Biotechnological Tools.Toxins · 2019Article
- House spider genome uncovers evolutionary shifts in the diversity and expression of black widow venom proteins associated with extreme toxicity.BMC genomics · 2017Article
- Effects of Gene Duplication, Positive Selection, and Shifts in Gene Expression on the Evolution of the Venom Gland Transcriptome in Widow Spiders.Genome biology and evolution · 2016Article
- Review
- Manual classification strategies in the ECOD database.Proteins · 2015Article
- Article
- Gene structure, regulatory control, and evolution of black widow venom latrotoxins.FEBS letters · 2014Article
- Dramatic expansion of the black widow toxin arsenal uncovered by multi-tissue transcriptomics and venom proteomics.BMC genomics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Venoms have attracted enormous attention because of their potent physiological effects and dynamic evolution, including the convergent recruitment of homologous genes for venom expression. Here we provide novel evidence for the recruitment of genes from the Crustacean Hyperglycemic Hormone (CHH) and arthropod Ion Transport Peptide (ITP) superfamily for venom expression in black widow spiders. We characterized latrodectin peptides from venom gland cDNAs from the Western black widow spider (Latrodectus hesperus), the brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) and cupboard spider (Steatoda grossa). Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences with homologs from other spider, scorpion and wasp venom cDNAs, as well as CHH/ITP neuropeptides, show latrodectins as derived members of the CHH/ITP superfamily. These analyses suggest that CHH/ITP homologs are more widespread in spider venoms, and were recruited for venom expression in two additional arthropod lineages. We also found that the latrodectin 2 gene and nearly all CHH/ITP genes include a phase 2 intron in the same position, supporting latrodectin's placement within the CHH/ITP superfamily. Evolutionary analyses of latrodectins suggest episodes of positive selection along some sequence lineages, and positive and purifying selection on specific codons, supporting its functional importance in widow venom. We consider how this improved understanding of latrodectin evolution informs functional hypotheses regarding its role in black widow venom as well as its potential convergent recruitment for venom expression across arthropods.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.