ArticleBipolar disorders2014
Seroreactive marker for inflammatory bowel disease and associations with antibodies to dietary proteins in bipolar disorder.
Article in Bipolar disorders, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut dysbiosis in severe mental illness and chronic fatigue: a novel trans-diagnostic construct? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Gut microbiome in serious mental illnesses: A systematic review and critical evaluation.Schizophrenia research · 2021Pooled it
- Overview and systematic review of studies of microbiome in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Journal of psychiatric research · 2018Pooled it
- The impact for causal associations between common diseases and inflammatory bowel disease: a disease-wide bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Infectious Models in Mice for Study of Gut Inflammation: Primary Cultures of Myenteric Neurons.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Reconceptualizing bipolar disorder through an integrative biological lens: synthesis, convergence, and emerging directions.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune Crossroads: Pathophysiological Links Between Bipolar Disorder and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Review
- Mycobiota and Antifungal Antibodies as Emerging Targets for the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Human Diseases.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gut Microbiota and Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review of Gut-Brain Interactions in Mood Disorders.Cureus · 2025Review
- Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation regulates gut microbiota mediated peripheral inflammation and metabolic disorders to suppress depressive-like behaviors in CUMS rats.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in schizophrenia: an immunological perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Association of gut dysbiosis with first‑episode psychosis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- Probiotics and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Major Depression: Doxa or Episteme?Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Toxoplasma-induced behavior changes - is microbial dysbiosis the missing link?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Examining the Relationships between the Incidence of Infectious Diseases and Mood Disorders: An Analysis of Data from the Global Burden of Disease Studies, 1990-2019.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Microbiota-gut-brain axis mechanisms in the complex network of bipolar disorders: potential clinical implications and translational opportunities.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Fungal Forces in Mental Health: Microbial Meddlers or Function Fixers?Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Inflammation-driven brain and gut barrier dysfunction in stress and mood disorders.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Review
- Causal relationship between bipolar disorder and inflammatory bowel disease: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Complement C4 associations with altered microbial biomarkers exemplify gene-by-environment interactions in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesImmune sensitivity to wheat glutens and bovine milk caseins may affect a subset of individuals with bipolar disorder. Digested byproducts of these foods are exorphins that have the potential to impact brain physiology through action at opioid receptors. Inflammation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract might accelerate exposure of food antigens to systemic circulation and help explain elevated gluten and casein antibody levels in individuals with bipolar disorder.
methodsWe measured a marker of GI inflammation, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), in non-psychiatric controls (n = 207), in patients with bipolar disorder without a recent onset of psychosis (n = 226), and in patients with bipolar disorder with a recent onset of psychosis (n = 38). We compared ASCA levels to antibodies against gluten, casein, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), influenza A, influenza B, measles, and Toxoplasma gondii.
resultsElevated ASCA conferred a 3.5-4.4-fold increased odds ratio of disease association (age-, race-, and gender-corrected multinomial logistic regressions, p ≤ 0.00001) that was independent of type of medication received. ASCA correlated with food antibodies in both bipolar disorder groups (R(2) = 0.29-0.59, p ≤ 0.0005), and with measles and T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the recent onset psychosis bipolar disorder group (R(2) = 0.31-0.36, p ≤ 0.004-0.01).
conclusionsElevated seropositivity of a GI-related marker and its association with antibodies to food-derived proteins and self-reported GI symptoms suggest a GI comorbidity in at least a subgroup of individuals with bipolar disorder. Marker seroreactivity may also represent part of an overall heightened activated immune state inherent to this mood disorder.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.