ArticlePloS one2013
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and CSF acetylcholinesterase activity are reduced in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salivary AβJournal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Confirmed Synergy Between the ɛ4 Allele of Apolipoprotein E and the Variant K of Butyrylcholinesterase as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- PTH-induced behavioral and metabolic alterations in mouse models of hyperparathyroidism.iScience · 2026Article
- A lifespan staging model of basal forebrain cholinergic vulnerability.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Abnormal resting-state EEG neural oscillations and functional connectivity in mild cognitive impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Review
- Sample preparation techniques for extraction of vitamin D metabolites from non-conventional biological sample matrices prior to LC-MS/MS analysis.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2022Review
- Phenotypic Displays of Cholinergic Enzymes Associate With Markers of Inflammation, Neurofibrillary Tangles, and Neurodegeneration in Pre- and Early Symptomatic Dementia Subjects.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- A Novel Method for the Determination of Vitamin D Metabolites Assessed at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier.Biomolecules · 2021Article
- Article
- Review
- CSF and Plasma Cholinergic Markers in Patients With Cognitive Impairment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- Vitamin D Status Impacts Genital Mucosal Immunity and Markers of HIV-1 Susceptibility in Women.Nutrients · 2020Article
- In sickness and in health: pivotal role of vitamin D.Biochemia medica · 2020Review
- Vitamin D is not associated with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder in Rakai, Uganda.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- Observational
- Does Vitamin D Deficiency Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?Innovations in clinical neuroscience · 2018Article
- Effects of sustained i.c.v. infusion of lupus CSF and autoantibodies on behavioral phenotype and neuronal calcium signaling.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2017Article
- Lower brain and blood nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease: Results from meta-analyses.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known of vitamin D concentration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its relation with CSF acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, a marker of cholinergic function.
methodsA cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients under primary evaluation of cognitive impairment and 17 healthy controls. The patients had AD dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosed with AD dementia upon follow-up (n = 28), other dementias (n = 12), and stable MCI (SMCI, n = 12). We determined serum and CSF concentrations of calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and CSF activities of AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE).
findingsCSF 25OHD level was reduced in AD patients (P < 0.05), and CSF AChE activity was decreased both in patients with AD (P < 0.05) and other dementias (P < 0.01) compared to healthy controls. None of the measured variables differed between BuChE K-variant genotypes whereas the participants that were homozygous in terms of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele had decreased CSF AChE activity compared to subjects lacking the APOE ε4 allele (P = 0.01). In AD patients (n=28), CSF AChE activity correlated positively with CSF levels of total tau (T-tau) (r = 0.44, P < 0.05) and phosphorylated tau protein (P-tau) (r = 0.50, P < 0.01), but CSF activities of AChE or BuChE did not correlate with serum or CSF levels of 25OHD.
conclusionsIn this pilot study, both CSF 25OHD level and CSF AChE activity were reduced in AD patients. However, the lack of correlations between 25OHD levels and CSF activities of AChE or BuChE might suggest different mechanisms of action, which could have implications for treatment trials.
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