ArticleCell death & disease2013
A candidate anti-HIV reservoir compound, auranofin, exerts a selective 'anti-memory' effect by exploiting the baseline oxidative status of lymphocytes.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Virological and Immunological Outcomes of Combined Therapeutic Interventions and Dendritic Cell Therapy in People With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Immunogenicity of personalized dendritic-cell therapy in HIV-1 infected individuals under suppressive antiretroviral treatment: interim analysis from a phase II clinical trial.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Trial
- Reactive oxygen species promotion drives auranofin's antiviral activity against hepatitis E virus.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Auranofin, identified by FDA-approved drug library screening, inhibits HBs antigen secretion via lysosomal damage.PloS one · 2026Article
- Functional utility of gold complexes with phosphorus donor ligands in biological systems.Coordination chemistry reviews · 2025Article
- Monocyte to macrophage differentiation and changes in cellular redox homeostasis promote cell type-specific HIV latency reactivation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Next Generation Gold Drugs and Probes: Chemistry and Biomedical Applications.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Broad Spectrum Functional Activity of Structurally Related Monoanionic Au(III) Bis(Dithiolene) Complexes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Black phosphorus-Au-thiosugar nanosheets mediated photothermal induced anti-tumor effect enhancement by promoting infiltration of NK cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- The reservoir of latent HIV.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Hydrogen sulfide blocks HIV rebound by maintaining mitochondrial bioenergetics and redox homeostasis.eLife · 2021Article
- Glycolysis downregulation is a hallmark of HIV-1 latency and sensitizes infected cells to oxidative stress.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Antioxidant nanozyme counteracts HIV-1 by modulating intracellular redox potential.EMBO molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Will Auranofin Become a Golden New Treatment Against COVID-19?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Role of Oxidative Stress on SARS-CoV (SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Review.The protein journal · 2020Review
- The FDA-approved gold drug auranofin inhibits novel coronavirus (SARS-COV-2) replication and attenuates inflammation in human cells.Virology · 2020Article
- Alterations of redox and iron metabolism accompany the development of HIV latency.The EMBO journal · 2020Article
- Strategies to eradicate HIV from infected patients: elimination of latent provirus reservoirs.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2019Review
- Induction of Oxidative Stress Through Inhibition of Thioredoxin Reductase 1 Is an Effective Therapeutic Approach for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2019Article
- Crossroads of Cancer and HIV-1: Pathways to a Cure for HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Central memory (T(CM)) and transitional memory (T(TM)) CD4(+) T cells are known to be the major cellular reservoirs for HIV, as these cells can harbor a transcriptionally silent form of viral DNA that is not targeted by either the immune system or current antiretroviral drug regimens. In the present study, we explored the molecular bases of the anti-HIV reservoir effects of auranofin (AF), a pro-oxidant gold-based drug and a candidate compound for a cure of AIDS. We here show that T(CM) and T(TM) lymphocytes have lower baseline antioxidant defenses as compared with their naive counterpart. These differences are mirrored by the effects exerted by AF on T-lymphocytes: AF was able to exert a pro-differentiating and pro-apoptotic effect, which was more pronounced in the memory subsets. AF induced an early activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) followed by mitochondrial depolarization and a final burst in intracellular peroxides. The pro-differentiating effect was characterized by a downregulation of the CD27 marker expression. Interestingly, AF-induced apoptosis was inhibited by pyruvate, a well-known peroxide scavenger, but pyruvate did not inhibit the pro-differentiating effect of AF, indicating that the pro-apoptotic and pro-differentiating effects involve different pathways. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that AF selectively targets the T(CM)/T(TM) lymphocyte subsets, which encompass the HIV reservoir, by affecting redox-sensitive cell death pathways.
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