ReviewNature medicine2013
Key roles of adjuvants in modern vaccines.
Review in Nature medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04854876 (An Open-Label, Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC as an Immune System Enhancer Along With Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection), which is not on this map. Cited by 732 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An Open-Label, Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC as an Immune System Enhancer Along With Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Virus Infection
Who cites it
732 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review on vaccine developmental approaches: Evaluating efficacy, and addressing challenges of infectious diseases in the post-COVID-19 era.Virus research · 2026Pooled it
- Bibliometric analysis of traditional Chinese medicine for viral infections through immune modulation (2015-2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Age-related differences in immune responses to inactivated influenza and adjuvanted recombinant herpes zoster vaccines.JCI insight · 2026Trial
- Next-generation vaccine adjuvants: Integrating nanotechnology, systems immunology, and computational approaches for precision vaccinology.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Rational design of next-generation vaccine adjuvants: From molecular mechanisms to hybrid delivery platforms.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- Development of a PapG-AcmA surface-associated antigen on Lactobacillus reuteri as a vaccine strategy against uropathogenic Escherichia coli.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Characterization of Seasonal Trivalent Influenza Vaccine Formulated with Different Ratios (Vaccines · 2026Article
- Recombinant Antibody Vaccines for Targeted Antigen Delivery: Design Principles and Immunological Applications.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Vaccines for Autoimmune Diseases: Stopping Triggers, Restoring BalanceA Systematic Review with Qualitative Synthesis.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- ZPY-CpG-Ch, a broad coverage vaccine againstScience advances · 2026Article
- Pygenic acid A, a small-molecule PD-1/SHP-2 inhibitor, enhances efficacy of therapeutic melanoma vaccines and prophylactic influenza vaccines.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Therapeutic vaccines targeting solid tumors: A series of clinical trial analysis over the past decade.Translational oncology · 2026Review
- Single Radial Immunodiffusion (SRID) Assay for Quantitative Determination of Recombinant SOD Protein in a Brucellosis Vaccine Candidate: Method Development and Validation.Methods and protocols · 2026Article
- Manganese Pyrophosphate Mineralized DNA Nanovaccine Elicits Potent Humoral and Cellular Immunity.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Combinatorial in situ cancer vaccines: unlocking broad and enhanced antitumor responses.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Advances in Polyethyleneimine-Derived Nanoformulations.Small science · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion ContainingVaccines · 2026Article
- TLR ligands as immunomodulators: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential in infectious and inflammatory diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Advances in the heterologous biosynthesis of QS saponins: a review.Microbial cell factories · 2026Review
672 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccines containing novel adjuvant formulations are increasingly reaching advanced development and licensing stages, providing new tools to fill previously unmet clinical needs. However, many adjuvants fail during product development owing to factors such as manufacturability, stability, lack of effectiveness, unacceptable levels of tolerability or safety concerns. This Review outlines the potential benefits of adjuvants in current and future vaccines and describes the importance of formulation and mechanisms of action of adjuvants. Moreover, we emphasize safety considerations and other crucial aspects in the clinical development of effective adjuvants that will help facilitate effective next-generation vaccines against devastating infectious diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
24309663What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.