ArticleNature2013
Ultrafast endocytosis at mouse hippocampal synapses.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 315 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
315 citing papers in PubMed, 628 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional Specialization of Clathrin-Independent Endocytic Routes: Mechanisms and Cellular Roles.Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark) · 2026Review
- Presynaptic Vesicles Supply Membrane for Axonal Bouton Enlargement during Long Term Potentiation.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Vesicle3D: An Integrative Platform for 3D Segmentation and Analysis of Vesicles in Cryo-electron Tomograms.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Synaptic high-frequency jumping synchronises vision to high-speed behaviour.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Transsynaptic linking of calcium channels and postsynaptic receptors at a dyadic synapse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Physiological implications of phase separation in vesicle organization and trafficking.BMC biology · 2026Review
- FCHO1 fine-tunes synaptic vesicle endocytosis in an activity-dependent manner.Molecular brain · 2026Article
- Disruption of Synaptic Vesicle Trafficking in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Disruption of a selective vesicle pool upon retrograde amnesia dissociates memory at presynaptic terminals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Roles in physiology and disease of the inositol phosphatase synaptojanin 1.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2026Review
- Deployment of endocytic machinery to periactive zones of nerve terminals is independent of active zone assembly and evoked release.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Deciphering the Nanoscale Architecture of Presynaptic Actin Using a Micropatterned Presynapse-on-Glass Model.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Traumatic Brain Injury and Endocytosis: Reduced Rodent Hippocampal Endocytosis Proteins and Human Clathrin Light Chain Polymorphisms Are Associated with Impaired Neurological Outcomes After TBI.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Molecular Physiology of the Neuronal Synapse.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Visualizing Postsynaptic Density in Excitatory Synapses with Electron Tomography.Advances in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Membrane Merger Dynamics in Exocytosis and Endocytosis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Formation, Organization, and Maintenance of Synaptic Vesicle Pools: From Molecules to Structure and Dynamics.Advances in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Cryo-correlative light and electron tomography of dopaminergic axonal varicosities reveals non-synaptic modulation of cortico-striatal synapses.Nature communications · 2025Article
255 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To sustain neurotransmission, synaptic vesicles and their associated proteins must be recycled locally at synapses. Synaptic vesicles are thought to be regenerated approximately 20 s after fusion by the assembly of clathrin scaffolds or in approximately 1 s by the reversal of fusion pores via 'kiss-and-run' endocytosis. Here we use optogenetics to stimulate cultured hippocampal neurons with a single stimulus, rapidly freeze them after fixed intervals and examine the ultrastructure using electron microscopy--'flash-and-freeze' electron microscopy. Docked vesicles fuse and collapse into the membrane within 30 ms of the stimulus. Compensatory endocytosis occurs within 50 to 100 ms at sites flanking the active zone. Invagination is blocked by inhibition of actin polymerization, and scission is blocked by inhibiting dynamin. Because intact synaptic vesicles are not recovered, this form of recycling is not compatible with kiss-and-run endocytosis; moreover, it is 200-fold faster than clathrin-mediated endocytosis. It is likely that 'ultrafast endocytosis' is specialized to restore the surface area of the membrane rapidly.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.