ArticleBMC public health2013
The effect of psychosocial stress on single mothers' smoking.
Article in BMC public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular Health of Single Mothers: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Pooled it
- Differential Associations Between Individual Time Poverty and Smoking Behavior by Gender, Marital Status, and Childrearing Status Among Japanese Metropolitan Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Health of single mothers and fathers in Germany. Results of the GEDA studies 2019 - 2023.Journal of health monitoring · 2024Article
- [Social situation, health, and health behavior of children and adolescents in one-parent households at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic: Results of the KIDA study 2022-2023].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2024Article
- Article
- Inequalities in health and health behaviours between couple and lone mothers before and during the financial crisis in Spain (2003-2012).SSM - population health · 2019Article
- The predictors of depression in a longitudinal cohort of community dwelling rural adults in Australia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2019Article
- Pilot Tobacco Treatment Intervention for Women in Residential Treatment for Substance Use Disorder.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2018Article
- The health of single mothers and fathers in Germany.Journal of health monitoring · 2017Article
- Determinants of Smoking and Cessation Among Latinos: Challenges and Implications for Research.Social and personality psychology compass · 2016Article
- Are single mothers' higher smoking rates mediated by dysfunctional coping styles?BMC women's health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvidence suggests an increased risk of smoking among single mothers as compared to their cohabitating counterparts. This article examines the role of psychosocial stress in mediating the relationship between single motherhood and smoking.
methodsData were derived from a cross-sectional population based sample of German women (n = 3129) with underage children (0-18 years of age). Perceived stress was measured with 13 items covering socioeconomic as well as family- and parenting-related stressors. According to Baron and Kenny (1986) a series of logistic regression models was applied to investigate the role of psychosocial stress as a mediator on the relationship between single motherhood and smoking.
resultsAbout 44.0% of single mothers smoked daily, whereas only 26.2% of cohabitating mothers did. Single mothers reported more stress related to their economic situation, occupation and family than partnered mothers. Out of the original 13 stressors only 'conflicts with the partner or ex-partner' and 'financial worries' remained significant in explaining single mothers' higher risk of smoking. Against expectation, stress due to household requirements and family demands was associated with lower odds of single mothers' smoking. After controlling for psychosocial stress, the odds ratio of single mothers' moderate smoking (< 20 cig./day) decreased slightly from 1.75 to 1.66 (explained fraction XF = 12.0%) and with respect to heavy smoking (≥ 20 cig./day) more pronounced from 2.56 to 2.01 (XF = 35.3%).
conclusionsIt can be stated that single mothers' heavy more than moderate smoking appeared to be mediated by perceived psychosocial stress. Out of all stressors considered, financial worries were of paramount significance in explaining single mothers' heavy smoking while some family-related stressors rather appeared to keep single mothers from smoking. Overall, a higher stress exposure explains partly but not sufficiently single mothers' increased smoking rates.
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